Introduction: In the course of an illness, when the patient receives a poor prognosis, he can be assisted with dysthanasia or palliative care. The therapeutic choice and the adherence to it are related, among other factors, to the quality of the doctor-patient relationship. The objective of this study was to evaluate the patients’ point of view of the doctor-patient relationship in the end of life process, and compare scores between patients in palliative care and those experiencing dysthanasia. Method: The design was a descriptive survey with a non-probabilistic sample composed of 234 patients with cancer in the end of life process: 117 in palliative care and 117 expriencing dysthanasia. Two instruments were used: a biodemographic questionnaire and the Questionnaire for Assessing the Doctor-Patient Relationship in the End of Life Process, and data were analyzed using descriptive and bivariate statistics in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software. Results: The results showed good evaluations of the doctor-patient relationship. Palliative care patients attributed better scores in terms of time dedicated, attention, confidence, understanding and communication; and patients experiencing dysthanasia made better assessments in terms of frequency of visits and continuity of care. Conclusion: It is concluded that this study represents an advance in studies on the subject and indicates that patients in palliative care perceive the doctor-patient relationship more positively than patients undergoing dysthanasia. It stressed that it is necessary to invest in training medical students and professionals to carry out interventions that prioritize the use of their oldest, simplest and most powerful technology: the relationship between professionals and patients.
Resumo O processo de comunicação é central na relação médico-paciente. É fato que para evitar distanásia deve se dispor dos cuidados paliativos como alternativa. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade da comunicação de más notícias realizadas por médicos, na perspectiva de pacientes em processo de finitude, comparando seus índices entre aqueles em cuidados paliativos e em distanásia. Realizou-se uma pesquisa quantitativa, com amostra não probabilística, formada por 234 pacientes com câncer em processo de finitude, oriundos de cinco unidades hospitalares do Ceará, que responderam a dois questionários - um biodemográfico e outro de avaliação da comunicação, analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e bivariada. Os resultados demonstraram a importância da relação médico-paciente. Enquanto os pacientes em distanásia expressaram terem sido melhor preparados para o estabelecimento de uma adequada comunicação, os que estavam em cuidados paliativos relataram uma experiência menos negativa em relação à ‘comunicação de más notícias’ - fruto de um adequado preparo do médico paliativista, bem como da participação efetiva da família na decisão terapêutica. Conclui-se que as etapas de preparação para a comunicação, transmissão da informação, acolhimento e fechamento devem estar baseadas na identificação do conteúdo prévio dos pacientes sobre a doença e suas expectativas de informação.
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