Rove beetles of the tribe Quediini are abundant predators in humid microhabitats of forested, open, synanthropic or subterranean ecosystems, with just over 800 species distributed across the temperate and subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Previous molecular phylogenies included only a limited representation of this diversity but have already indicated that Quedius, containing the majority of Quediini species, is polyphyletic. Six genera, historically associated with Quediini but now Staphylininae incertae sedis, are known only from few pinned specimens and have never been sequenced. Recent synergy between target enrichment phylogenomics, low‐input sequencing of dry, pinned insect specimens and advances in alpha taxonomic knowledge have made comprehensive sampling of Quediini tractable. Here we developed a novel probe set specialized for anchored hybrid enrichment of 1229 single‐copy orthologous loci in Staphylinidae. In one of the largest target enrichment phylogenies of insects to‐date, we sequenced 201 ingroup taxa to clearly delimit monophyletic Quediini within Staphylininae and resolve relationships within this tribe, with 46% of sampled taxa derived from pinned specimens (0–45 years old). Maximum likelihood and coalescent phylogenetic analyses produced well‐resolved, congruent topologies that will serve as a framework for further exploration of this radiation and its necessary generic revision. The inclusion of nearly all remaining Staphylininae incertae sedis genera, all known only from pinned specimens, resulted in the creation of Quelaestrygonini Brunke, trib. n. and revised concepts for Cyrtoquediini and Indoquediini. Quediini was resolved as monophyletic with the transfer of Q. elevatus and Q. nigropolitus to other tribes but Quedius and its subgenera Microsaurus, Distichalius and Raphirus were shown to be para‐ or polyphyletic. Based on the results of our analyses, Velleiopsis Fairmaire, 1882 syn. n. and Megaquedius Casey, 1915 syn. n. are synonymized with Microsaurus Dejean, 1833 resulting in: Q. (Microsaurus) marginiventris (Fairmaire) comb. n., Q. (M.) varendorffi (Reitter) comb.n. Several species of Quedius were transferred from Microsaurus to Distichalius (Q. aethiops Smetana, Q. biann Smetana, Q. cingulatus Smetana and Q. taruni Smetana), Distichalius to Raphirus (Q. fagelianus Scheerpeltz) and Microsaurus to Raphirus (Q. mixtus Eppelsheim and Q. persicus Korge).

Twenty eight species of the genus Quedius from Middle Asia comprising Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, are revised. Quediusaltaicus Korge, 1962, Q.capitalis Eppelsheim, 1892, Q.fusicornis Luze, 1904, Q.solskyi Luze, 1904 and Q.cohaesus Eppelsheim, 1888 are redescribed. The following new synonymies are established: Q.solskyi Luze, 1904 = Q.asiaticus Bernhauer, 1918, syn. n.; Q.cohaesus Eppelsheim, 1888 = Q.turkmenicus Coiffait, 1969, syn. n., = Q.afghanicus Coiffait, 1977, syn. n.; Q.hauseri Bernhauer, 1918 = Q.peneckei Bernhauer, 1918, syn. n., = Q.ouzbekiscus Coiffait, 1969, syn. n.; Q.imitator Luze, 1904 = Q.tschinganensis Coiffait, 1969, syn. n.; Q.novus Eppelsheim, 1892 = Q.dzambulensis Coiffait, 1967, syn. n., Q.pseudonigriceps Reitter, 1909 = Q.kirklarensis Korge, 1971, syn. n. Lectotypes are designated for Q.asiaticus Bernhauer, 1918, Q.fusicornis Luze, 1904, Q.hauseri Bernhauer, 1918, Q.imitator Luze, 1904, Q.novus Eppelsheim, 1892 and Q.solskyi Luze, 1904. For all revised species, taxonomy, distribution and bionomics are summarized. Quediusfuliginosus (Gravenhorst, 1802), Q.sundukovi Smetana, 2003 and Q.pseudonigriceps Reitter, 1909 are recorded for Middle Asia for the first time. One species from the Q.coloratus-group, found to be new to science is not described due to shortage of material. Another possibly new species is tentatively identified as Q.fulvicollis Stephens, 1833 until the taxonomy of that widespread species is revised. An identification key to all species is provided.

This paper is the first inventory of the fauna of the rove beetle genusQuediusin the Russian Federation. It provides an annotated catalogue of 88 species ofQuediuscurrently recorded from Russia, based on several collections and a critical evaluation of all earlier published records. All species are listed with a summary of their overall distribution and bionomics. Species distributions within Russia are given as lists of regions where they occur with references to the respective source collections or publications which any record is based on. For that, the territory of Russia is divided into 40 regions that mostly follow the administrative division of the country. The annotated catalogue is supplemented by a well-illustrated identification key to all species and a concise checklist in form of an easily visualized table.QuediusfususCai & Zhou, 2015,QuediushumosusSolodovnikov, 2005, andQuediuslundbergiPalm, 1973 are recorded from the territory of Russia for the first time. Based on an analysis of literature and available material, records ofQuediuscincticollisKraatz, 1857,QuediushumeralisStephens, 1832,Quediusmaurorufus(Gravenhorst 1806),QuediusnemoralisBaudi de Selve, 1848,QuediusnigrocaeruleusFauvel, 1876, andQuediuspicipes(Mannerheim, 1830) from Russia are considered doubtful. The distribution ofQuediusbrachypterusCoiffait, 1967, described from the ‘Caucasus’, remains ambiguous and its presence in Russia is unlikely. The identity ofQuediusfulvipennisHochhuth, 1851 from ‘Dahuria’ remains unknown, pending examination of the type material. ForQuediuscitelliKirschenblatt, 1933 a lectotype is designated. For that species andQ.sofiriKhachikov, 2015 illustrations of the aedeagi are provided for the first time. The paper stresses the currently poor state of knowledge of theQuediusdiversity in Russia and provides a platform for its improvement, which should begin with a large-scale sampling program, especially in Siberia and Far East.

Abstract. The Quedius mutilatus group, a very poorly known presumably monophyletic complex of wingless, possibly hypogean species confined to the Tien-Shan Mountains, is characterized as such for the first time. Newly available material clarified the identity of Q. mutilatus Eppelsheim, 1888 and Q. kalabi Smetana, 1995, each hitherto known from a handful of non-conspecific and vaguely georeferenced specimens only. Additional material is reported for Q. equus Smetana, 2014 and one species, Quedius kungeicus sp. nov., is described. All available data on the taxonomy, distribution and bionomics for all these four species of the group are summarized.