No abstract

Authenticity and the methods for determining fraud are two of the most important issues in the field of quality control and food safety. In the winemaking field, the study of authenticity is all the more necessary, with wine being one of the most adulterated foods, as the monthly reports of the European Commission show. This results in a two-fold problem: consumer expectations are not met and there is a disloyal competition among wine producers in the field. Authenticity has been a priority research direction worldwide for centuries. Today, researchers are working on improving already existing methods of authenticity monitoring, but also on creating new ones. The intention is to have results that are as accurate, fast and inexpensive as possible for confirmation or rejection of the hypothesis. The bibliographic study of the literature undertaken for the development of this article aims to identify the classical methods of establishing authenticity, describe them and establish their degree of efficiency. Moreover, a review of the current research trends is presented in this work.

A study of the interaction of antitumor drug mitoxantrone with anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) has been carried out by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy at submicellar and micellar surfactant concentrations, pH 7.4 and 10, and over a temperature range of 293.15-323.15 K. The variation of the monomer drug absorbance as a function of SDS concentration indicates, at pH 7.4 and all investigated temperatures, two definite processes: process I in the submicellar range, attributed to the electrostatic interaction between mitoxantrone and SDS monomers; and process II in the micellar range, when the drug is incorporated into SDS micelles in monomer form. At pH 10, the results have indicated only the process II at micellar SDS concentrations. The monomer absorbance changes occurring as a result of the interactions between mitoxantrone and SDS were rationalized in terms of binding constant, micelle/water partition coefficient, and the corresponding thermodynamic parameters for binding and partitioning processes. Thermodynamic parameters indicate that at pH 7.4 both binding process of mitoxantrone to SDS and partition process of mitoxantrone between micellar and bulk aqueous phases are spontaneous and enthalpy controlled, while at pH 10 both processes are spontaneous and entropy controlled.

The focus of the present work is to investigate the interaction of anticancer drug mitoxantrone with sodium cholate (NaC) bile salt in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) and carbonate buffer (pH 10) by UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy. The results indicate that mitoxantrone may bind to NaC monomers and micelles through electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions and the interaction with NaC induces the dissociation of dimers and higher aggregates of mitoxantrone. The stoichiometric ratio, binding constant, micelle/water partition coefficient and the corresponding thermodynamic parameters for binding and partitioning processes were estimated from the monomer absorbance changes occurred as a result of the interaction between mitoxantrone and NaC micelles. The binding process of mitoxantrone to NaC micelles is spontaneous and entropy controlled over the range of studied temperatures, at both pH values. The partition process of mitoxantrone between micellar and bulk aqueous phases is spontaneous and entropy controlled at pH 7.4 but enthalpy controlled at pH 10.

DNA thermal denaturation was evaluated as a measure of the effect of antitumor drug actinomycin D on the stability of the double helix and also the effect of SDS micelles on actinomycin D – DNA complexes. The results indicated that the melting temperature of DNA was dependent on drug concentration, increasing with actinomycin D concentration. High thermal stabilization (about 10 °C) of the DNA helix after the association with actinomycin D clearly demonstrates the intercalative binding mode. The presence of SDS micelles leads to the release of intercalated actinomcyin D molecules from DNA double helix and their further relocation in surfactant micelles. These results highlighted that the drug release can be controlled in time and by varying the concentration and nature of surfactant.