Objectives. e aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of metal brackets bonded with different universal adhesive systems containing 10-MDP and Transbond Plus Self Etching Primer after 20,000 thermal cycles. Materials and Methods. A total of 130 sound bovine teeth were used, which are divided into 5 groups (n = 26) according to the adhesive system used: All-Bond Universal (Bisco), Ambar Universal (FGM), Clearfil Universal Bond (Kuraray), Single Bond Universal (3M/ESPE), and Transbond Plus SEP (3M/ESPE) as control. e adhesives were applied for 20 seconds and bonded with a resin Transbond XT (3M/ESPE). After this, the teeth were submitted to 20,000 cycles at 5°C and 55°C. Afterwards, the shear bond strength test was performed in a universal test machine (Instron 3342). e adhesive remnant index (ARI) was evaluated under a stereomicroscope at 10x magnification and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM, Hitachi 3030). e shear bond strength data were submitted to One-Way ANOVA (α = 0.05) and the ARI to the Kruskal-Wallis test (α = 0.05). Results. Statistical analysis showed that the universal adhesive systems presented mean shear bond strength values similar to Transbond Plus SEP (p < 0.05). e universal adhesive presented similar ARI values among them but differed from those of Transbond Plus SEP (p < 0.001). Transbond Plus SEP presented a high ARI value when compared with the universal adhesive systems and high demineralization of enamel.Conclusions. e results show that universal adhesive systems may be used for bonding metal brackets if the orthodontist wants to maintain dental enamel health.

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Objective:This study aims to evaluate the association between early childhood caries (ECC) and maternal caries status, and the maternal perception of ECC risk factors.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out with 77 mother-child pairs, the children ranging from 12 to 36 months of age and their mothers, who were seeking dental care at a health center in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. Data collection was conducted using a specific questionnaire for mothers. Oral clinical examination of the mother-child binomial to assess caries incidence, gingival bleeding (GB) and visible plaque was done. Home visits were performed in 10% of the sample in order to observe the environmental conditions, dietary habits and dental hygiene practices.Results:The findings showed that the caries prevalence in children was 22.5 times higher in the mother who had decayed tooth (prevalence ratio [PR] = 22.5, confidence interval [CI] 95% = 3.2–156.6, P < 0.001). GB also was observed in 14 mothers and children, the PR in pair was 12.2 (CI95% = 1.6–88.9, P < 0.001). The variables are related for the mother-child binomial in regression linear analysis.Conclusion:The maternal caries status was associated with ECC.

Objective: To evaluate fluoride concentration in public water supply in locations of Maranhão State that, according to agency responsible, presents regular water fluoridation. Methods: Water samples were collected from public schools. According to National Health Foundation (FUNASA), Water Treatment Station (WTS) of 14 rural cities and 03 WTS from Sao Luiz are supplied by the water supply system of state. The fluoride content of the analysis was performed using a specific electrode for fluoride. Three samples from each school were collected, totaling 42 samples of the rural cities and 45 samples from the capital. Results: Most samples were below the optimal concentration, and only 14.28% of samples collected in the municipalities and 6.67% in Sao Luiz, had acceptable values of fluoride (0.6 to 0.8 ppmF). Conclusion: Fluoridation of public water supplies (FPWS) is uncontrolled and therefore no preventive effect on caries. It is important to emphasize the need to implement control measures to ensure the ongoing effectiveness of FPWS in Maranhão State.