Objective The number of patients rehabilitated with dental implants has contributed to increased incidence of peri-implant diseases. Due to complex and difficult treatment, peri-implantitis is a challenge and an efficient clinical protocol is not yet established. Aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of two protocols for in vitro decontamination of dental implants surface. Material and Methods Twenty titanium implants (BioHE-Bioconect) were used. Implants were divided into five groups (n = 4). NC group (negative control): sterile implants; PC group (positive control): biofilm contaminated implants; S group: biofilm contaminated implants, brushed with sterile saline; SB group: biofilm contaminated implants, brushed with sterile saline and treated with air-powder abrasive system with sodium bicarbonate (1 minute); and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) group: biofilm contaminated implants, brushed with sterile saline and treated with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (red laser + toluidine blue O). The implants were contaminated in vitro with subgingival biofilm and distributed in groups PC, S, SB, and aPDT. Each group received the respective decontamination treatment, except groups NC and PC. Then, all implants were placed in tubes containing culture medium for later sowing and counting of colony-forming units (CFUs). Statistical Analysis One-way analysis of variance and Tukey tests were performed, at 5% significance level. Results Significantly fewer CFUs were observed in the aPDT group (19.38 × 105) when compared with groups SB (26.88 × 105), S (47.75 × 105), and PC (59.88 × 105) (p < 0.01). Both the aPDT and SB groups were statistically different from the NC group (p < 0.01). Conclusion Proposed protocols, using air-powder abrasive system with sodium bicarbonate and aPDT, showed to be efficacious in the decontamination of dental implants surface in vitro.
An essential oil was distilled with 0.25% yield from fresh flowers of Dalea mutisii Kunth, a native species mainly growing in the Andean region of Ecuador. A total of 50 compounds were identified, and most of them were quantified. The chemical composition was characterized by the prevalence of monoterpene hydrocarbons (>90%). Major components were α-pinene (42.9%), β-pinene (15.1%), β-phellandrene (12.6%), myrcene (6.7%), and (Z)-β-ocimene (5.4%). The essential oil was then submitted to enantioselective analysis, with a 2,3-diethyl-6-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-β-cyclodextrin-based capillary column. An enantiomeric excess was measured for (1R,5R)-(+)-α-pinene (91.6%), (1R,5R)-(+)-β-pinene (15.2%), (R)-(−)-α-phellandrene (4.8%), and (R)-(−)-β-phellandrene (88.8%), whereas (R)-(+)-limonene was enantiomerically pure. A gas chromatography–olfactometry (GC–O) analysis was additionally carried out on this pleasantly fragrant essential oil, following an aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA) approach. Main odorants were α-pinene, β-pinene, α-phellandrene, and (Z)-β-ocimene, with dilution factors (FD) of 8, 4, 2, and 2, respectively.
No final de 2019, na China, iniciou-se um surto, provocado pelo vírus Sars-CoV-2, que já matou mais de 3 milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo, conhecido como pandemia da COVID-19. Muitas pessoas, nesse cenário estão aderindo à automedicação, fazendo uso de medicamentos que "supostamente" poderiam prevenir uma infecção pelo vírus, minimizar a gravidade da doença ou até mesmo curar casos mais graves. Medicamentos sem comprovação científica para o Sars-Cov2, estão sendo divulgados e utilizados de forma equivocada como a cloroquina, hidroxicloriquina, azitromicina, ivermectina, corticóides e vitaminas, que além de não ter comprovação científica podem gerar sérios efeitos adversos. Portanto, a automedicação é um problema de saúde pública, que afeta uma grande parcela da população, sendo assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o perfil de uso de medicamentos, em uma população universitária, frente a Pandemia da Covid-19. O estudo foi observacional, através de um questionário enviado pela plataforma Google Forms, de forma aleatória, onde se obteve um total de 59 entrevistados. As respostas foram salvas e gerados gráficos estatísticos no programa. Obteu-se um total de 59 acadêmicos que responderam a pesquisa, onde 84,75% deles afirmaram que realizam a automedicação e muitos informaram acreditar nos medicamentos sem eficácia comprovada, inclusive alguns fizeram uso, que estão sendo divulgados pela mídia e pelo meio político.
Objective Currently, dental implants are a predictable treatment option for oral rehabilitation; however, complications such as peri-implant diseases are increasing every day. Thus, the aim of this study was to verify the efficacy, in vitro, of two protocols against cultures of periodontal biofilm and Staphylococcus aureus. Material and Methods Petri dishes for each of the following groups were used: control groups (C)—plates inoculated with periodontal biofilm (C.B; n = 4) or S. aureus (C.SA; n = 4) without any treatment; laser groups—plates inoculated with periodontal biofilm (low-level laser therapy [LLLT].B; n = 4) or S. aureus (LLLT.SA; n = 4) and treated with LLLT (660 nm, 30 mW, 50 J/cm2, and 47 seconds); antimicrobial photodynamic therapy groups (aPDT)—plates inoculated with periodontal biofilm (aPDT.B; n = 4) or S. aureus (aPDT.SA; n = 4) and treated with aPDT (red laser 660 nm, 30 mW, 50 J/cm2, 47 seconds + toluidine blue O (TBO) 100 µg/mL, and 1 minute). After treatments were performed, the contents of all plates were diluted and seeded for counting colony-forming units (CFUs). Statistical Analysis Results were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey’s test, comparison of percentages, and independent t-tests with a 5% significance level. Results Both treatments, LLLT and aPDT, significantly reduced the number of CFUs for the two types of culture, LLLT.B (3.69 × 106 ± 0.20), aPDT.B (2.79 × 106 ± 0.13), LLLT.SA (4.10 × 106 ± 0.12), and aPDT.SA (3.23 × 106 ± 0.10) when compared with control groups C.B (5.18 × 106 ± 0.43) and C.SA (5.81 × 106 ± 0.16; p = 0.000). When treatment groups were compared separately, there was also a statistically significant difference (p = 0.000). None of the protocols were able to eliminate cultured microorganisms. Conclusion The LLLT and aPDT protocols effectively reduced cultures of periodontal biofilm and S. aureus in vitro, with the superiority of aPDT.
A vitamina D é um hormônio que atua na regulação fisiológica osteomineral, no controle da pressão arterial, tem ação antioncogênica, além de ter uma intensa atividade sobre o sistema imune. No final do ano de 2019, foi descoberto um novo tipo de coronavírus, o Sars-CoV-2, responsável pela doença conhecida como COVID-19, responsável por mais de 3 milhões de mortes no mundo. Alguns estudos sugerem que níveis elevados de vitamina D está associado a redução no agravamento da doença, onde a maioria dos pacientes que vieram a óbito apresentavam deficiência ou insuficiência dessa. A partir desses dados, muitas pessoas começaram a fazer automedicação dessa vitamina, sendo um fator preocupante, já que, o consumo excessivo também pode trazer prejuízos à saúde. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo, avaliar e comparar os números referentes às vendas de vitamina D em uma farmácia de dispensação na cidade de Maringá, Paraná, entre 2019 e 2020, através de um levantamento retroativo de dados da dispensação desses produtos. Após a análise, percebeu-se um aumento nas vendas dessa vitamina, em especial na dosagem de 7.000UI, que teve um aumento de 11,4 vezes, seguida das dosagens de 1.000UI e 2.000UI, com aumento de 8,5 e 8,3 vezes, respectivamente. Sendo assim, apesar dos estudos mostrarem relação entre o uso da vitamina D na prevenção do agravamento dos casos de COVID-19, é necessário realizar um acompanhamento para se manter níveis satisfatórios dessa vitamina no organismo, já que em excesso, pode levar a intoxicação.
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