The influence of alternative treatments using fluidextracts of Alternanthera brasiliana, propolis resin and linseed oil on the performance and blood biochemistry of broilers was evaluated. The study was done with five treatments: basal diet (negative control); basal diet + 40 ppm avylamicin and 120 ppm monensin (positive control); basal diet + A. brasiliana extract (180 mL/200 kg of feed); basal diet + propolis extract (200 mL/200 kg of feed) and basal diet + linseed oil (2.5% replacing soybean oil). Propolis and A. brasiliana extracts improved broiler performance from 14 to 21 days, whereas linseed oil had no effect. The findings of this experiment revealed that A. brasiliana and propolis extracts can be used as antimicrobials, but further studies are necessary to find the best concentration in broiler diets

The aim of this study was to describe the drying kinetics of Bunchosia glandulífera pulp, as well as the changes in its phenolic compounds, carotenoid content, and antioxidant activity. The experiments were performed in a drying oven with forced air at 45, 65, and 85 °C, until the equilibrium moisture was reached. An increase in the mass transfer rate was observed at the highest temperature, with a subsequent decrease in the drying time. The drying curves exhibited a period of fast decline and an exponential trend was observed in all of them, validated using Page's mathematical model. The concentration of phenolic compounds and carotenoids decreased during the first minutes of drying. Bioactive compounds were the most sensitive to high temperatures and the antioxidant activity was mainly affected by the drying time. Practical applications Bunchosia glandulifera is a fruit with nutraceutical potential by the presence of bioactive compounds. The removal of water from a fruit extends the conservation time of the product during storage and transportation, facilitating the access to such foods. However, the phenolic and carotenoid compounds present in the fruit are sensitive to the thermal process. Thus it is important to know the behavior kinetic drying of fruit and its consequences in the bioactive compounds present and antioxidant activity for better use of the fruit.

Bunchosia glandulifera is an exotic species found in southern of Brazil, of which the pulp and toasted seed are much used because of their stimulating properties and nutritional values. However, few scientific data are reported about the chemical composition of the B. glandulifera fruit and the benefits its consumption. The aim of this study was to determine the fatty acid, proximate and mineral composition of the fruit. The results revealed that soluble solids and sugars are present at high concentration in the pulp, whereas the seed predominantly contained protein and ash. According to the particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) measurement, the elemental composition revealed that K, P, Ca, and Mg are the most abundant minerals in the fruit. Interestingly, the ingestion of 200 g of the fruit provides 100% of the recommended daily ingestion (RDI) of some elements. Moreover, among the seventeen fatty acids found in the pulp and seed, palmitic acid (C16:0) was found to be the most concentrated.