Objetivo: Analisar os principais efeitos colaterais do esquema medicamentoso padrão, poliquimioterapia, utilizada no tratamento para hanseníase. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal descritivo, conduzido com 40 participantes, atendidos no Ambulatório de Dermatologia da Universidade do Estado do Pará. Os pesquisadores empregaram uma adaptação da Ficha para Investigação de Ocorrência de Efeitos Adversos na Poliquimioterapia (PQT) em hanseníase, com variáveis agrupadas em perfil social, dermatológico, laboratorial e reacional. Resultados: Os pacientes em sua maioria foram: homens, com mais de 60 anos de idade, aposentados, com apenas ensino fundamental. Quanto a classificação clínica, predominantemente, a forma dimorfa e multibacilar, em 12 meses de tratamento. Os sistemas orgânicos com maior relação com reações adversas foram: excretor, nervoso, tegumentar e respiratório, sobretudo mediante ao uso da dapsona. Entre os efeitos adversos, destaca-se o enjoo (32,50%) no uso de rifampicina, mialgia (65%) no uso de dapsona e hiperpigmentação cutânea (77,50%) no uso de clofazimina. Conclusão: O presente estudo demonstrou que as reações adversas mais frequentes foram leves e estão associadas ao uso de dapsona e clofazimina, sendo de suma importância a detecção precoce desses efeitos, para eficaz intervenção de eventos graves.
Objective Tympanostomy is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in otolaryngology, and its complexity is challenging for trainee surgeons. Investing in medical education is a cornerstone of good patient safety practices. For trainees, use of simulators before operating on actual patients helps mitigate risks. This study aimed to develop a three-dimensional printed model simulator for myringotomy, tympanostomy and ventilation tube placement. Methods An articulated model with a detachable portion, base and plastic bag to simulate the external auditory canal, middle ear and tympanic membrane, respectively, was modelled and printed. Results The final simulator was made from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene polymer and measured 4 × 4 × 12 cm. It was designed to mimic the angulation of patient anatomy in the myringotomy position and simulate the texture and colour of the tissues of interest. The cost was low, and testing with an operating microscope and endoscope yielded satisfactory results. The advent of three-dimensional printing technology has made surgical simulation more accessible and less expensive, providing several advantages for medical education. Conclusion The proposed model fulfilled expectations as a safe, inexpensive, reproducible, user-friendly and accessible surgical education tool that can be improved and reassessed for further research.
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