A produção de soja no Brasil alcançou destaque na última década. Atualmente, o país configura-se como maior exportador e segundo maior produtor de soja no mundo. Porém, a expansão desse cultivo está sendo associada diretamente ao desmatamento da Floresta Amazônica. Sua cultura iniciou-se no sul do país e avançou para a região central, sobre o bioma do cerrado, expandindo-se, gradativamente, ao norte do Brasil, principalmente por meio de latifúndios monocultores e controlados por grandes empresas transnacionais. A área de avanço agrícola ao norte tem substituído o bioma local: a Floresta Amazônica, o que tem preocupado entidades públicas e privadas, em face do desmatamento exagerado e perda da biodiversidade. Este estudo analisa o avanço da cultura da soja no norte do estado de Mato Grosso, no período entre 1984 e 2009, por meio da interpretação de imagens de satélite, e sua relação com o desmatamento da Floresta Amazônica. Como resultado, apresentam-se três mapas de uso do solo da área de estudo. A análise dos mapas permitiu verificar que o desmatamento recente da floresta está sendo promovido pela atividade pecuária, e os solos descampados e erodidos do pasto têm sido usados para a cultura de soja. Ou seja, na área analisada, a soja estabelece-se em áreas antes degradadas pelo gado, e não diretamente sobre as áreas de floresta desmatada.
La producción de soja alcanzo gran destaque en la última década en Brasil. Actualmente, el país es el mayor exportador y el segundo mayor productor del mundo. Entretanto, la expansión de este cultivo es asociado directamente con el desmate de la Floresta Amazónica. Su cultura se inició en el sur del país y avanzó para la región central, sobre el bioma del cerrado, y se expande gradualmente, al norte del Brasil, principalmente a través de latifundios mono-cultores controlados por grandes empresas transnacionales. El avance agrícola al norte ha substituido el bioma local: La Floresta Amazónica, lo que preocupa las entidades públicas y privadas, frente al desmate exagerado y la pérdida de la biodiversidad. Esta investigación analiza el avance del cultivo de soja al norte del estado de Mato Grosso, en el período 1984-2009, a través de la interpretación de imágenes de satélite, y su relación con el desmate de la Floresta Amazónica. Como resultado, se presentan tres mapas de uso del suelo del área de estudio. El análisis de los mapas permiten verificar que el desmate reciente de la floresta ha sido promovido por la actividad pecuaria, y que los suelos descampados y erosionados han sido utilizados como cultivo de soja, que se establece en áreas antes degradadas por el ganado y no directamente sobre las áreas de floresta desmatada.
Brazil is the largest exporter and second largest producer of soybeans in the world. However, the increase in production has been directly associated to the deforestation of the Amazon Rainforest. This culture began in the South and moved toward the central region of the country, spreading gradually to its northern part. This growth was mainly based on ...

This thesis examines the production of soy biodiesel in the country and its relation to the deforestation of the Amazon rainforest. It is referenced to the National Program for Production and Use of Biodiesel-PNPB (Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso de Biodiesel), created in 2004 by federal government to promoting the integration of biodiesel into diesel fuel. Soy is the main raw material for biodiesel production which has been expanded across the country since the 1970s. Its culture began in the south of Brazil and advanced into the central region, spreading gradually to the north, mainly through mechanized monoculture land properties. The agricultural expansion area to the north has replaced the local biome: the Amazon rainforest; such fact has worried since there are excessive deforestation and biodiversity loss. The northern of Mato Grosso State presented high growth of soybean production, which expands in the degraded areas by livestock that goes into the rainforest. The propose of this work is to discuss the Brazil's biodiesel production to ascertain the environmental, economic and strategic issue of insertion of this biofuel in the brazilian trade. The efficiency of public policies was analyzed by the PNPB to ensure the socioeconomic sustainability of the Brazilian biodiesel program and a agro ecological zoning was elaborated from Sinop, county in northern of Mato Grosso which has soybean production consolidated and represents an interface between agricultural growth and Amazonia rainforest. This tool's aim is to test its efficiency of a environmental diagnostics. It proved there is public issues that stimulated the agricultural expansion and production by resources, subsidies and environmental easing as changes in the law. That promotes deforestation without concern of ambient damages and repair of degraded environmental and also Brazil is consolidated as an exported of commodities. On the other hand, the ago ecological zoning based on secondary data and low costs has become a efficient tool to management and local planning, evaluating the environmental physical characteristics.

has significantly affected the use of health care worldwide and, consequently, admissions to hospital emergency services. The aim of this study is to describe the change of the activity of a Paediatric Emergency Service (PES) of a tertiary hospital during the pandemic. A retrospective cohort study with analysis of visits to the PES from March 30 to June 30, 2020, and comparison with homologous periods in the previous 3 years (2017)(2018)(2019).A total of 53,883 episodes were analysed, with a median age of 5.8 years, and 53% were boys. In 2020, there was a 60% reduction in the number of admissions (p < 0.001). There was a significant increase in referral by the public medical advice phone line of the National Health Service (NHS) (18.5% vs 5.4%) and Emergency Medical Services (EMS) (5.1% vs 4.2%). Urgent patients decreased (31.2% vs 38.3%), and non-urgent patients increased (7.5% vs 1.7%). There was a significant reduction in school (0.4% vs 7.1%) and sports accidents (0.1% vs 1.2%) and an increase in other accidents (falls, wounds, burns, and dog bites) (12.2% vs 6.3%). Hospitalisation rate was higher (5.7% vs 3.1%, p < 0.001). The infection rate for SARS-CoV-2 was 1.1%, all with mild illness or asymptomatic. Conclusion:The pandemic brought a marked reduction in emergency admissions and a decrease in urgent situations but an increase in accidents, such as falls, wounds, burns, and dog bites. Despite the low infection rate for SARS-CoV-2, there were increased referrals by the phone line of NHS and EMS and a higher admission in the ward.

This dissertation examines the production of soy biodiesel in the country and its relation to the deforestation of the Amazon rainforest. With reference to the National Program for Production and Use of Biodiesel-PNPB (Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso de Biodiesel), created in 2004 with the aim of promoting the integration of biodiesel into diesel fuel, reducing dependence LISTA DE QUADROS Quadros Descrição Página Quadro 2.1 Relação de leis, decretos, portarias e instruções normativas que disciplinam o segmento do biodiesel no Brasil. Quadro 2.2 Programa de apoio Financeiro a investimentos do biodisel 41 Quadro 2.3 Características tributárias do PNPB 42 Quadro 2.4 Resultado dos leilões da ANP 45 LISTA DE GRÁFICOS Gráficos Descrição Página Gráfico 2.1 Efeito do Biodiesel sobre as emissões associadas ao diesel 30 Gráfico 3.1 Distribuição da produção de soja por estado. Safra 200/2007 55 Gráfico 3.2 Evolução da produtividade da soja em regiões do Brasil em anos selecionados 57 Gráfico 3.3 Matérias-primas utilizadas para produção de biodiesel 70 Gráfico 3.4 Participação dos produtores de biodiesel de soja e a renda em cada atividade 73 Gráfico 4.1 Evolução da produção de soja no estado do Mato-Grosso