ABSTRACT-The aim of this study was to develop a simple technique to remove astringency and maintain the pulp firmness of 'Giombo' persimmons. Fruit were packaged in three different plastic packages: low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene-polyamide (PE-PA). Packages with dimensions of 30 cm x 50 cm and 20 µm thickness were sealed under vacuum. Fruit uncovered in plastic film were used as control samples. After packaging, fruits were stored at ambient conditions (22°C and 70% RH) for five days. After this period, fruits were removed from the package and kept at the same previous conditions for six days and evaluated every two days. All plastic packages showed effectiveness in removing astringency, but only PE-PA maintained pulp firmness during the six days after package removal. LDPE and PP films also caused reduction of astringency while pulp firmness was properly maintained until the fourth day. These two films did not succeed in obtaining vacuum, which was only achieved by PE-PA. PE-PA reduces astringency faster and maintains fruit firmness for a longer time at room temperature. Index terms: Diospyrus kaki L., modified atmosphere, tannin. EMBALAGEM A VÁCUO É EFICIENTE PARA REMOVER A ADSTRINGÊNCIA E MANTER A FIRMEZA DE CAQUI 'GIOMBO'RESUMO-O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver uma técnica simples para a remoção da adstringência, além de manter a firmeza de polpa de caqui 'Giombo'. Os frutos foram colocados em diferentes tipos de embalagens plásticas: polietileno de baixa densidade (PEBD), polipropileno (PP) e polietileno-poliamida (PE-PA). As embalagens foram seladas a vácuo e tiveram dimensão de 30 cm x 50 cm e 20 micrômetros de espessura. Frutos não acondicionados em embalagens plásticas foram usados como controle. Após o embalamento, os frutos foram armazenados em condição ambiente (22 o C e 70% UR) durante cinco dias. Após esse período, os frutos foram removidos da embalagem e colocados na mesma condição anterior por seis dias e avaliados a cada dois dias. Todas as embalagens plásticas demonstraram efetividade na remoção da adstringência, mas apenas o PE-PA manteve a firmeza durante os seis dias após a remoção dos frutos da embalagem. As embalagens com PEPD e PP causaram redução na adstringência enquanto a firmeza foi adequadamente mantida até o quarto dia em temperatura ambiente. Não foi possível obter vácuo nestes dois tipos de embalagem, apenas no PE-PA. O PE-PA reduz a adstringência mais rapidamente e mantém a firmeza por mais tempo em condição ambiente. Termos para indexação: Diospyrus kaki L., atmosfera modificada, tanino.
A unidade offshore de regeneração de monoetilenoglicol (MEG), inibidor de hidrato de gás natural, inclui operações de aquecimento. Esse processo ocorre sucessivas vezes, de modo que o tempo de exposição a temperaturas relativamente elevadas é uma variável importante. A fim de simular as condições operacionais da planta de regeneração, uma solução aquosa de MEG 89% m/m com uma concentração de cloreto de sódio variando entre 0 e 5% m/m foi processada em um ebuliômetro de recirculação da fase vapor. Foram coletadas amostras da fase líquida em tempos pré-determinados para realizar análises de termogravimetria, pH, condutividade elétrica, densidade e espectrofotometria UV-VIS. Os resultados mostraram que o tempo e o aumento da concentração de sal aceleram e amplificam a degradação térmica do MEG em solução.
Techniques for astringency removal and cold storage of 'Giombo' persimmon This study aimed to determine the best conditions for astringency removal of 'Giombo' persimmon with respect to temperature, concentration and exposure time to ethanol, and use of modified atmosphere in plastic films. The best combinations were used to remove the astringency of cold storage in order to extend the shelf life of fruit. For this purpose, 4 experiments were performed. In the first study were evaluated doses and times of exposure of fruit to ethanol. Fruit were exposed to 1.75mL kg-1 by 12 or 24hs, and 3.50mL kg-1 by 12 or 24hs. After, fruit were stored at 1ºC for 20 days. In the second experiment, cold storage temperatures (5ºC, 10ºC and 15°C) were evaluated for astringency removal using the optimal concentration and exposure time to ethanol in the previous experiment (1.75mL kg-1 for 12hs). The third experiment consisted in the use of modified atmosphere in the astringency removal. The fruit were vacuum sealed in plastic films: low density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP) and polinylon (PN), all with 20μm thick, and maintained in these conditions for 3 and 5 days at 22°C. In the fourth experiment, the best dose of ethanol (1.75mL kg-1 for 12hs) and package (PN) were used and fruit were cold stored for 30, 60 and 90 days at 5°C. The application of 1.75mL kg-1 per 12hs period was sufficient to astringency removal of persimmons. The temperatures of 5ºC, 10ºC and 15ºC are not recommended for application of ethanol in order to astringency remove of persimmons. The use of PN is effective in removing astringency in 'Giombo' persimmon, and the fruit packed in this film may be stored until 90 days at 5ºC.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.