Background: Patello-femoral stability is principally influenced by anatomic factors. Understanding the anatomy and biomechanics of the patello-femoral joint provides insight on the etiology and management of patellar instability. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as an auxiliary method for investigating patello-femoral instability, particularly for detecting osteochondral lesions and for evaluating the medial patello-femoral ligament (MPFL). Objective: descriptive study including analysis of MRI knee done for patients with patellar instability suspected clinically with or without history of trauma. Patients and Methods: thirty patients were included in this study, all with suspicious patellar instability from Ain-Shams University, orthopedic clinic and other private clinics. A cross-sectional study was held where all the patients underwent MRI routine knee protocol. MRI knee images were interpreted for identification of different pathologies contributing to patellar instability. Results: sixty percent of the patients included in our study had MPFL injury, 43% showed patella alta, 83% showed trochlear dysplasia (by different measurements) and 43% showed lateral displacement of TT. Conclusion: MRI the modality of choice in diagnosing different pathologies of patellar instability, for its value in assessing soft tissue structures, detailed imaging of the cartilage and applying all measurement required.

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lower than that for both of these agents added sequentially. Interestingly, when the sequence of addition of drugs was reversed using 5azaD/SAHA, the reduction in growth (66% vs. 85%, P , 0.05) and percentage of apoptotic cells were lower than in cultures treated with SAHA/5azaD. The greatest amount of glioma cell death induced by SAHA/5azaD corresponded with higher protein levels of the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor, P 21 , and the minimum fraction of cells in active phases of cell cycle (19% in control vs. 11% in SAHA/5azaD). Furthermore, glioma cells treated with SAHA/ 5azaD or 5azaD/SAHA displayed the highest levels of acetylated histone H4 protein levels, indicating possible epigenetic changes. Our data indicating that the effects of SAHA/5azaD are likely mediated by epigenetic mechanisms is made evident by increases in P 21 and acetylated histone H4 protein levels. Whether such strategies are also effective in primary human glioma tumor cells will be tested, which may ultimately open untapped territories to search for curative therapies.