This work sought the survey of species and information about the distribution of the Class Oligochaeta in reservoirs sampled in the Sediment Quality Monitoring Network of CETESB (Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo). As such, this study aimed to inventory the limnic oligochaetes fauna to expand knowledge of the ecology and distribution of this group in reservoirs in the state of São Paulo. Ninety replicates were performed in 12 reservoirs in the state of São Paulo between 2014 and 2016, using van Veen or Ponar samplers in the sublittoral region, and Ekman-Birge in the deep region. Twenty-eight taxa were inventoried, belonging to the families Naididae and Opistocystidae. The species Dero righii and Pristina longisoma were recorded for the first time in São Paulo State, Nais magnaseta and Spirosperma velutina were first recorded in Brazil. The results presented here make this inventory extremely important for understanding the distribution of aquatic oligochaetes throughout the Brazilian territory.

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The knowledge about the diversity and fauna distribution in tropical freshwater ecosystems is of extreme ecological importance, however studies on this theme still scarce. Organisms belonging to the Oligochaeta Class are considered important bioindicators for environmental quality analysis, but detailed knowledge about these organisms is still insufficient. This study aims to investigate the occurrence of oligochaeta species in eight rivers of the State of São Paulo (Brazil), to expand the species catalogue and identify the its relationship with the trophic state of sampled environments. The samples were collected by the Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo (CETESB) from 2014 to 2016 and include areas with different land uses, ranging from conservation, agricultural and industrial. We used species richness estimator (Bootstrap) and accumulation curves of randomized species (collector curve), in order to evaluate the efficiency of samples collected. Rivers were classified according to the trophic state, ranging from oligotrophic to hypereutrophic. As a result, we identified a total of 7,398 oligochaetes distributed in 25 taxa, which belong to the families: Alluroididae, Naididae and Opistocystidae. The most frequent species registered in this research, present in seven of the eight sampled rivers was Bothrioneurum sp., followed by Pristina synclites registered in six of the eight sampled rivers.

O estabelecimento de Unidades de Conservação é de extrema importância para diminuir os efeitos da fragmentação e consequente perda da biodiversidade, no entanto, é necessário também conhecer a diversidade biológica protegida por estas áreas. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar um diagnóstico visando contribuir para o conhecimento da distribuição e diversidade das espécies Oligochaeta na Reserva Biológica de Pindorama, localizado na região noroeste do Estado de São Paulo. O presente estudo foi conduzido em quatro pontos de amostragem de dois fragmentos florestais, inseridos na Reserva, no mês de outubro de 2020. As amostras de sedimento para identificação da oligofauna foram coletadas em triplicata na margem deposicional de cada ponto, utilizando rede tipo “D”. Foram encontradas 10 espécies distribuída em três famílias, sendo Naididae a mais diversa composta pelas espécies Allonais paraguayensis, Dero digitata, Dero evelinae, Pristina proboscídea, Pristina synclites e Slavina evelinae. Tubificidae, composta pelas espécies Aulodrilus pigueti, Bothrioneorum sp. e Brinkhurstia americana. E Opistocystidae representada por apenas uma espécie, Opistocysta serrata. Estes resultados são de grande importância para a conservação da biodiversidade de fragmentos florestais de Mata Atlântica. Além disso, estudos envolvendo o registro de espécies são necessários para aumentar o conhecimento da biodiversidade local, da Reserva Biológica de Pindorama e de sua região.