PurposeTo evaluate whether the levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody to Tanerella forsythia are associated with periodontal status.MethodsPatients with a diagnosis of chronic periodontitis were considered candidates for the study; thus 80 chronic periodontitis patients and 28 healthy persons (control group) were invited to participate in this investigation. The presence of T. forsythia was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis using primers designed to target the respective 16S rRNA gene sequences. Peripheral blood was collected from each subject to identify the IgG1 and IgG2 serum antibodies against T. forsythia. All microbiological and immunological laboratory processes were completed blindly, without awareness of the clinical status of the study patients or of the periodontal sites tested.ResultsThe bivariate analysis showed that lower mean levels of clinical attachment level (CAL) and probing depth were found in the presence of the IgG1 antibody titers against whole-cell T. forsythia; however, only the difference in CAL was statistically significant. In the presence of the IgG2 antibody titers against whole-cell T. forsythia, the periodontal parameters evaluated were higher but they did not show statistical differences, except for plaque. The unadjusted linear regression model showed that the IgG1 antibody against whole-cell T. forsythia in periodontitis patients was associated with a lower mean CAL (β=-0.654; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.27 to -0.28; P<0.05). This statistically significant association remained after adjusting for possible confounders (β=-0.655; 95% CI, -1.28 to -0.29; P<0.05). On the other hand, smoking was a statistically significant risk factor in the model (β=0.704; 95% CI, 0.24 to 1.38; P<0.05).ConclusionsSignificantly lower mean levels of CAL were shown in the presence of the IgG1 antibody titers against whole-cell T. forsythia in periodontitis patients. Thus, the results of this study suggest that IgG1 antibody to T. forsythia may have been a protective factor from periodontitis in this sample.Graphical Abstract
Resumen. Introducción: este estudio tuvo como objetivo establecer las características de la oclusión en niños respiradores bucales que acuden a la Clínica del Niño de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Antioquia. Métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal en 100 pacientes respiradores bucales de 6 a 12 años que acudieron por primera vez a la Clínica del Niño (iv a vii semestre) y sin intervención terapéu-tica previa, identificados a través de una lista de chequeo. Mediante examen clínico, se recogieron variables sociodemográficas, antecedentes médicos, características faciales, hábitos bucales, características de los arcos dentarios, variables relacionadas con la oclusión y presencia de caries e inflamación de las encías. Resultados: más de la mitad de la población evaluada en clase i dental y no presentó competencia labial. Otros hábitos frecuentes fueron la onicofagia y el bruxismo. La línea media dental inferior desviada con respecto a la línea media facial predomina más en los niños (69%). En cuanto a la mordida cruzada anterior, no se encontraron diferencias marcadas entre niñas y niños, mientras que la mordida abierta anterior se detectó con mayor frecuencia en niños (26%). La forma ovalada de los arcos fue la más predominante (superior: 85%, inferior: 77%), y más de la mitad de los pacientes presentaron paladar profundo. Se encontraron signos de inflamación gingival en un 80%, y más del 50% presentó caries dental. Conclusiones: se encontraron características diferenciales en la población evaluada, tanto faciales como en la oclusión, que requieren análisis más exhaustivos con el fin de ofrecer tratamientos integrales basados en las necesidades individuales y colectivas.Palabras clave: hábitos bucales, maloclusión, oclusión dental, respiración bucal.
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