The vaccinal prophylaxis of dogs and cats is one of the measures contemplated by the National Immunization Program (PNI) from the Brazilian Ministry of Health as a strategy of rabies control. Despite the efforts for the control of rabies in Brazil, there are still cases of this disease in either animals and humans. This study presents the longitudinal analysis based on the secondary data regarding the coverage of the canine and feline anti-rabies vaccination campaigns that occurred in Brazil from 2012 to 2017. While in 2017 antirabies vaccination coverage was higher in the period of study, the worst vaccinal coverage rates were registered in 2012 and 2016. The region North was highlighted since it presented the best vaccine coverage rates during the period, specially the states of Acre, Amazonas and Rondônia, while the regions Northeast, Midwest and Southeast presented the worst rates. It was possible to observe that some municipalities significantly exceeded the recommended rates, which could indicate problems in the animal population estimative or in data consolidation of the vaccination coverage rates. Animal population estimative and data consolidation in a systematic way, will guarantee the health information system reliability and the evaluation of public policies aimed at rabies control.