Taurine is considered a semi-essential amino acid characterized by having various physiological functions in the body that modulate mechanisms of action involved in the muscle contraction process, increased energy expenditure, insulin signaling pathway, carbohydrate metabolism, and scavenging free radicals. These functions are crucial for aerobic exercise performance; thus, taurine supplementation may benefit athletes' performance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of taurine supplementation on the resting energy expenditure and physical performance of swimming athletes. Methods: In a double-blind study, 14 male swimmers were randomized into two groups: the taurine group (n = 7) and the placebo group (n = 7), which received 3 g per day of taurine or placebo in capsules during 8 weeks. Resting energy expenditure, plasma taurine, physical performance, anthropometry, dietary consumption were measured and an incremental test was performed to determine their maximal front crawl swimming performances before and after the 8-week period. Results: The levels of serum taurine (p < 0.0001) and lactate (p = 0.0130) showed a significant increase in the taurine group; however, the other variables were not different. No changes were observed in the resting energy expenditure, mean speed performed, and the anaerobic threshold of the swimmers post-supplementation period. Conclusion: Supplementation of taurine increased plasma concentrations of this amino acid, but did not lead to significant changes in food intake, rest energy expenditure, and athletes' performance. However, the supplemented group presented a higher lactate production, suggesting a possible positive effect of taurine on the anaerobic lactic metabolism.

A s duas maiores fontes de energia utilizadas durante a realização do exercício físico são carboidratos (glicogênio e glicose) e lipí dios (triglicerídeos). Embora aminoácidos de cadeia ramificada e al guns outros aminoácidos possam ser oxidados pelo músculo, sua contribuição é muito pequena quando comparada aos substratos ener géticos inicialmente citados (JEUKENDRUP; SARIS; WAGENMA KERS, 1998a).A relativa contribuição desses substratos na produção total de ener gia depende da intensidade e duração do esforço realizado. No entan to, durante período de repouso e realização de exercício de baixa Resumo É sabido que os ácidos graxos são importante fonte de energia para contração mus cular. As principais fontes metabólicas de energia derivadas dos lipídios são os áci dos graxos do tecido adiposo, os triglicerídeos intramusculares e os triglicerídeos circulantes do plasma. A contribuição de cada um depende do exercício realizado, duração, intensidade e estado de treinamento do indivíduo. O treinamento de longa duração provoca adaptações no organismo, como aumento da capacidade oxidativa dos músculos esqueléticos e maior participação dos lipídios como substrato ener gético durante o esforço, ocasionando possível melhora no desempenho do atleta. O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a regulação do metabolismo lipídico durante a realização do exercício físico.

The objective of the research work was to analyze labels of industrialized vegetable cheeses, from different brands, to verify if they are within the norms of the current legislation and if they are sources of protein and calcium like traditional cheeses of animal origin. The field research took place in the city of Ribeirão Preto with a quantitative method for information analysis, the brands’ own websites and the “Desrotulando” application. The collected data were analyzed using a simple Excel spreadsheet, using a checklist as a basis for evaluation, created by the requirements of current legislation. The laws used for consultation were: Ministry of Health/National Health Surveillance Agency: RDC 429, of October 8, 2020; RDC 259 of September 20, 2002; Normative Instruction IN 75 of October 8, 2020. Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply: Normative Instruction IN 22 of November 24, 2005. Most of the information described in the labels studied is in accordance with the requirements prescribed in the legislation used as a parameter study, but none of the cheeses are sources of protein and calcium, since most are based on some oilseeds such as cashew nuts, mixed with some carbohydrate source such as starch to give cheese consistency, together with flavorings, suggestion is that companies change the nomenclature format for this type of product, together with the insertion of specific legislation for vegetable cheeses, both for production and for labeling.

Obesity is an emerging issue in Brazil and in the world since there are several pathologies associated with excessive weight. The use of medicinal plants is atemporal and they have been used as a source of food and for therapeutic purposes. Objective: The purpose of this study is to approach the possibility of herbal medicine in obese patients and to conceive through clinical studies and analysis the activity of Camellia sinensis (green tea) and Garcinia cambogia plants in cooperation for the reduction of body fat. Methods: The bibliographic survey considered original articles and reviews published between 2013 and 2021 in online databases, with studies in humans. Results: Forty-seven articles were pre-selected, and those were 30 papers discarded after analysis and the other 17 were submitted for reading on their respective themes. Conclusion: In the midst of these conceptions, it is concluded that there is a need for investment in research in the field of alternative medicine and herbal medicine in order to that these drugs be used efficiently and safely, since the clinical tests showed satisfactory results.