The aim of the present research was to analyse the relationships among physical self-concept, physical activity engagement and Mediterranean diet adherence in a sample of 1650 secondary school students from the province of Granada. The study design was descriptive–exploratory, cross-sectional and ex post facto. Measurements were taken from a single group. The PSQ, PAQ-A and KIDMED questionnaires were used to measure diet quality. Results showed the presence of a positive relationship among all dimensions of physical self-concept and physical activity engagement, with better outcomes being achieved in this self-perception with increasing engagement in sport. With regard to diet quality and its repercussions on physical self-concept, it was highlighted that the dimensions of the general self-concept, physical attractiveness and strength tended to be more positive as quality improved. In contrast, worse outcomes were produced in those with a low-quality diet. In this way, it was deemed necessary to continue investigating psychosocial factors with the aim of clarifying the relationships with psychological factors and health indicators. This would enable the development of prevention and intervention programs focused on promoting wellbeing in adolescents.
El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las relaciones entre el autoconcepto físico y factores académicos en una muestra de 1650 estudiantes pertenecientes a la provincia de Granada. El diseño fue descriptivo-exploratorio, de corte transversal y ex post-facto, llevándose a cabo unas pruebas descriptivas básicas, la prueba ANOVA de un factor, la prueba de Bonferroni para relaciones inter-grupos, y correlaciones bivariadas de Pearson. Para la medición de las variables, se utilizó el cuestionario CAF, para el autoconcepto físico, y un cuestionario (Ad hoc) para variables de corte sociodemográficas y académicas, como la edad, el sexo y la práctica de actividad física extraescolar, así como la nota media académica. Los resultados reflejaron que existe relación significativa entre la mayoría de las dimensiones del autoconcepto físico y el sexo, siendo más elevado en los chicos que las chicas; que aquellos adolescentes que sí realizan actividad física extraescolar respecto a los que no, tienen mejor autoconcepto físico; y por último que no hay diferencias significativas entre la percepción física y el rendimiento académico. De este modo, se sugiere la contribución de los contextos educativos como uno de los ejes fundamentales para el correcto desarrollo del adolescente. Se considera necesaria la implicación docente en la Educación Secundaria para favorecer un buen autoconcepto físico, donde se promueva la salud física, mental y académica usando como herramienta la práctica de actividad física.
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