Changes in motivational levels occurring during various stages of treatment (institutional and community) were measured among 101 federally sentenced sexual offenders in the Ontario region. Motivation was conceptualized as a dynamic process that can be construed from behavioral referents and more global evaluations of internal features/readiness/psychological stance. Five motivational indices were examined: acceptance of guilt for the offense; acceptance of personal responsibility for the offense; disclosure of personal information; motivation to change behavior; and participation in treatment. Offender scores on these indices were evaluated using the Goal Attainment Scaling protocol (T. Hogue, 1994), at four stages of the treatment process: (1) at institutional assessment, (2) following institutional treatment, (3) upon conditional release to the community, and (4) following a 12-week period of community treatment. Results showed that motivation to change sexually deviant behavior was higher at the end of institutional treatment relative to the initial assessment. However, levels of motivation decreased upon conditional release to the community, with few offenders making significant rebounds following 12 weeks of community treatment. Admission of guilt and acceptance of personal responsibility (measured at community treatment) were both significantly associated with treatment outcome.

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On June 20, 2003 the Federal Communications Commission (FCC; 2003b) released a Report and Order that completed its 2002 Biennial Regulatory Review of 4 broadcast ownership rules. The increase in the station ownership cap from 35% to 45% of U.S. television households raises questions about the impact of the FCC's action on the network-affiliate relation. This study uses February 2002 Nielsen ratings to identify the stations and ownership conditions under which an affiliate is likely to have bargaining power in its dealings with its network.

A comparison of television viewing in the [1982][1983][1984][1985][1986][1987][1988][1989] years shows u steady decline of network news viewers, especially among those with pay television. A comparable decline is not found for local broadcast news. The increase in viewing of CNN and the related Headline News was steady, but mostly accounted for by the general expcinsion of coble, now in about GO% of American homes. One coiild orgiie that cable either merely diverts uudiences from the truditionul networks or that cable services mtually win over niidiences from the networks in head-to-head competition, cind this study finds some evidence that cable is winning the competition.With penetration exceeding 50% of U.S. television households in the late 1980s, cable had the potential to affect television journalism in two ways. The first might be called the "diversion hypothesis." The multichannel offerings of cable television could divert audience from network and local broadcast news. This effect would be felt as a result of the increases in cable penetration, the number of cable channels and the share of audience for cable-only programming, all experienced i n the 1980s. The data reviewed in this study clearly support the diversion hypothesis for broadcast network news. Substantial audience losses in the 1980s may be attributed to cable households. Local broadcast news audiences, with exceptions in a few circumstances however, seemed invulnerdble to the cable diversion.T h e o t h e r hypcithesis might be t e r m e d t h e " c o m p e t i t i o n hypothesis." Here it is assumed that the head-to-head competition of the 24-hour cable news networks in national and international news would erode the broadcast network news audience. This effect would not pertain to local station broadcast news audiences because the principal attraction in that case is the local news. Therefore, the 24-hour national