The article discusses the medical reception of psychoanalysis in Chile from the 1910s through to its institutionalization in the late 1940s. Until the 1930s psychoanalysis was mostly rejected by Chilean psychiatrists – who were under the influence of the French School – because of its ‘unscientific and excessive emphasis on sexuality’. In the early 1930s psychoanalysis was reassessed and became accepted within medical circles as an expert knowledge on sexuality and as a preventive tool against social diseases.
Resumen El trabajo aborda la circulación e implantación temprana en los circuitos masivos de la sociedad chilena de principios del siglo XX, recuperando las primeras menciones de Sigmund Freud en los medios de comunicación chilenos, la oferta de cursos de autoayuda en clave freudiana, la aparición del personaje del psicoanalista en algunas novelas de fantasía y los cursos abiertos sobre psicoanálisis que dictaba el primer juez de menores de Santiago, el abogado Samuel Gajardo Contreras. Se profundiza en las expectativas que se proyectaron en el freudismo por parte de las elites chilenas y cómo las teorías de Freud ayudaron a repensar la infancia, la familia y la vida emocional en Chile durante el periodo de 1920-1950.
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