The pulp and paper mill process requires large amounts of water. Therefore, the need to reuse water through the application of coagulation-flocculation processes, which is effective in the removal of solids and colloidal particles, has risen. In such processes, zeta potential (ZP) provides important information about the efficiency of the reagents used. The purpose of this study was to develop individual and combined tests of reagents to study turbidity and COD reduction based on ZP in the process of wastewater internal treatment for recirculation in the pulp and paper process. Factorial models were developed to explain the behavior of ZP depending on the different coagulants/flocculants. The statistical analyses showed that ZP had a positive correlation with parameters related to removal (COD and turbidity). It was demonstrated that innovate use of lentil extract (Lens esculenta) applied with aluminum sulfate favored the treatment, consistent with a coagulation-flocculation mechanism. The optimum doses of lentil extract were able to reduce the requirements of aluminum sulfate by almost 29%, providing an alternative strategy for water reuse processes in the pulp and paper industry.
La agricultura en México ha sobrepasado el uso racional de insecticidas químicos, impactando con ello la estructura del suelo y el ecosistema agrícola en general. Una alternativa de control de plagas es el uso de plantas tóxicas, las cuales proporcionan sustancias químicas que modifican el comportamiento de los insectos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la eficacia de un insecticida biorracional generado con Datura metel Linneo aplicado sobre poblaciones de adultos del gusano de la raíz del maíz Diabrotica undecimpunctata Howardi durante el ciclo primavera-verano 2019, en Durango. Se evaluaron 1 620 individuos a diferentes dosis 10, 20, 50 y 70 mg L-1 cada 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 y 24 h. Además, se determinaron los valores de DL50 y el intervalo de confianza al 95% para cada tratamiento. Las dosis evaluadas causaron mortalidad del gusano del maíz, la cual varió en función de la dosis y la estructura analizada. La DL50 calculada para la raíz fue de 23.2 mg L-1, para la hoja 34.1 mg L-1 y para el tallo 89.3 mg L-1. Al aumentar la dosis a 70 mg L-1 de raíz fue posible alcanzar una mortalidad de 76%, por lo que se concluye que existe una relación directamente proporcional entre la estructura evaluada y la dosis aplicada a los adultos del gusano del maíz y el tiempo de exposición.
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