Oseltamivir is used for the treatment of AH1N1 swine influenza in Mexico. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of oseltamivir on dopamine levels in patients exposed to vitamins A, D, and C as well as to ozone. For this, forty male Wistar rats (80 g) were divided into 6 groups. A combination of oseltamivir (20 vmg/kg) with A (39 v0UI.), C (30 mg) and D (60 UI.) vitamins with or without ozone 0.5 ppm were intraperitoneally administered for 5 days. The exposition to ozone was through a camera controlled. The animals were sacrificed and the brain dissected in cortex (I), hemispheres (II) and cerebellum/medulla oblongata (III) to measure dopamine, glutathione (GSH) and lipoperoxidation using fluorescence. Dopamine increased in I, II and III regions while GSH increased only in II and III regions and lipoperoxidation decreased in the same regions. This changes were significant (p < 0.05) in the groups that received oseltamivir and ozone. Administration of oseltamivir and ozone induces synergic effect on dopamine metabolism.

BackgroundNeurological disorders suggest that the excitotoxicity involves a drastic increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentrations and the formation of reactive oxygen species. The presence of these free radicals may also affect the dopaminergic system. The aim of this work was to determine if riboflavin (B2) and pyridoxine (B6) provide protection to the brain against free radicals generated by 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) by measuring the levels of dopamine (DA) and selected oxidative stress markers.MethodsMale Fisher rats were grouped (n = 6) and treated as follows: group 1, control (NaCl 0.9%); group 2, 3-NPA (20 mg/kg); group 3, B2 (10 mg/kg); group 4, B2 (10 mg/kg) + 3-NPA (20 mg/kg); group 5, B6 (10 mg/kg) and group 6, B6 + 3-NPA. All treatments were administered every 24 h for 5 days by intraperitoneal route. After sacrifice, the brain was obtained to measure DA, GSH, and lipid peroxidation, Ca2+, Mg2+, ATPase and H2O2.Main findingsLevels of dopamine increased in cortex, striatum and cerebellum/medulla oblongata of animals that received 3-NPA alone. The lipid peroxidation increased in cortex, striatum, and cerebellum/medulla oblongata, of animals treated with B2 vitamin alone. ATPase dependent on Ca+2, Mg+2 and H2O2 increased in all regions of animals that received 3-NPA alone.ConclusionThe results confirm the capacity of 3-NPA to generate oxidative stress. Besides, the study suggests that B2 or B6 vitamins restored the levels of DA and reduced oxidative stress in brain of rats. We believe that these results would help in the study of neurodegenerative diseases.

These results suggest that the reduction of dopamine and oxidant effect during cytarabine treatment could result in brain injury but could be prevented by oleic acid supplementation.

Effect of cerebrolysin on dopaminergic neurodegeneration of rat with oxidative stress induced by 3-nitropropionic acidThe study tested the hypothesis that cerebrolysin protects the brain from free radicals in rats treated with 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA). To address this hypothesis, the levels of dopamine (DA) and some oxidative stress biomarkers were measured after administration of 3-NPA. Young male Fischer rats were treated for three days with cerebrolysin, 3-NPA or both substances. Their brains were extracted, and DA, lipid peroxidation (LP), glutathione (GSH), calcium, and H 2 O 2 were measured using validated methods. In the cortex, hemispheres and cerebellum/medulla oblongata of the group treated with cerebrolysin and 3-NPA, the levels of DA and LP decreased. In addition, calcium and H 2 O 2 levels decreased in the hemispheres of the same group, while GSH increased in cortex. The increased dopamine metabolism due to the administration of cerebrolysin led to increased formation of radical species and oxidative stress, especially when free radicals were generated by 3-NPA.

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