The influence of the initial Li/Co stoichiometry in LiCoO (LCO) (1.00 ≤ Li/Co ≤ 1.05) on the phase-transition mechanisms occurring at high voltage during lithium deintercalation ( V > 4.5 vs Li/Li) was investigated by in situ X-ray diffraction. Even if the excess Li in LiCoO does not hinder the formation of the H1-3 and O1 phases, the latter are obtained at higher voltages and exhibit larger c parameters compared with their analogues formed from LiCoO. We also showed that for the stoichiometric LiCoO the deintercalation process is more complex than already reported, with the formation of an intermediate structure between H1-3 and O1.
High-entropy
ceramics are attracting large interest because of
their unique materials properties. Nevertheless, the effect of entropy
on the lithium transport remains largely elusive. Here, we report,
for the first time, about medium- and high-entropy polyanionic lithium
superionic conductors crystallizing in the F–43m space group and adopting the so-called argyrodite structure.
The Li6PS5[Cl0.33Br0.33I0.33], Li6P[S2.5Se2.5][Cl0.33Br0.33I0.33], and Li6.5[Ge0.5P0.5][S2.5Se2.5][Cl0.33Br0.33I0.33] materials
were structurally characterized using complementary synchrotron and
neutron scattering techniques in combination with 31P magic-angle
spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. We show
that, in contrast to other high-entropy ceramics, an unequal distribution
of elements over the respective crystallographic sites occurs in these
materials. Using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and 7Li pulsed field gradient (PFG) NMR spectroscopy, we demonstrate
that introducing entropy (compositional disorder) marginally affects
the room-temperature ionic conductivity (∼10–3 S cm–1) but instead lowers the activation energy
for conduction to 0.22 eV. Our results emphasize the possibility of
increasing entropy in polyanionic materials, thereby opening up compositional
space for the search of Li-ion conductors with unprecedented properties.
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