Objective: To compare the effects of foot muscle strengthening exercises with and without elastic band to the dynamic balance function in children aged 8-12 years with flexible flatfeet.Methods: Forty-one children (aged 8-12 years) with flexible flatfeet and dynamic balance problem were randomly allocated into either the intervention or control group. Both groups received thrice weekly training for 6 weeks. The foot strengthening exercise regimens consisted of pronation, supination, short foot, and tiptoeing using elastic band for the intervention group and without elastic band for the control group. Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) was tested before and after 6 weeks of training.Results: A statistically significant difference of normalized SEBT scores was found for both groups in both legs (p=0.00, p<0.05). The intervention group was significantly better than the control group for both right and left legs (p=0.00, p<0.05).Conclusions: Foot muscle strengthening either with or without elastic band improves dynamic balance in children aged 8-12 years with flexible flatfeet. Exercise given with elastic band significantly shows better improvement in the dynamic balance compared to without elastic band.
AbstrakPalsi serebral (PS) pada anak dapat menyebabkan gangguan spastisitas dan kelemahan otot sehingga kemampuan mobilisasinya menjadi terbatas. Latihan penguatan pada anak PS diharapkan mampu memperbaiki kemampuan mobilisasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menilai pengaruh latihan penguatan dengan periodisasi pada anak PS spastik diplegi terhadap kemampuan berjalan dan energy expenditure. Subjek penelitian ini diambil bersekolah di Yayasan Pembinaan Anak Cacat (YPAC), Sekolah Luar Biasa (SLB), dan sekolah inklusi di Bandung dan sekitarnya periode Oktober 2011-Juni 2012. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji acak terkontrol. Dua puluh dua anak (usia 7-14 tahun) dengan PS spastik diplegi, Gross Motor Function Classification System I-III dibagi menjadi kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol secara random. Kelompok intervensi mendapat latihan penguatan duduk berdiri dengan beban menggunakan metode periodisasi, 3 kali/minggu selama 7 minggu yang dilakukan di rumah masing-masing. Parameter yang dinilai adalah kemampuan berjalan (stride length, cadence, dan kecepatan berjalan) dan Physiological Cost Index (PCI) yang diukur saat sebelum dan sesudah latihan selama 7 minggu. Setelah latihan selama 7 minggu menunjukkan perubahan stride length (13,99% vs -2,46%; p:0,006), cadence (12,27% vs -7,92%; p:0,007), kecepatan berjalan (12,65% vs -0,64%; p:0,028), dan PCI (24,23% vs -25,66%; p<0,001) pada kelompok intervensi dibanding dengan kelompok kontrol. Latihan penguatan duduk berdiri dengan beban dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berjalan (stride length, cadence, serta kecepatan berjalan) dan menurunkan energy expenditure pada anak PS spastik diplegi. [MKB. 2017;49(1):48-54] Kata kunci: Energy expenditure, kemampuan berjalan, latihan penguatan, palsi serebral Effectiveness of Periodization Strengthening Exercise on Walking Ability and Energy Expenditure in Cerebral Palsy AbstractChildren with cerebral palsy (CP) may experience spasticity and muscle weakness. All impaired muscle functions limit the mobilization ability in children with CP. Strength training for these children is expected to improve their mobility. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a functional strengthening program with periodization for children with CP on walking ability and energy expenditure. The subjects of this study were taken at the YPAC, Special School (SLB), and inclusion schools in Bandung and surrounding areas from October 2011 to June 2012. This study used randomized controlled trial design. Twenty-two children (aged: 7-14 y.o.) with spastic diplegia CP and level I-III Gross Motor Function Classification System were evenly stratified and randomly allocated into either experimental or control group. The experimental group underwent home-based loadedsit-to-stand strengthening exercise (3 times/week, 7 weeks). The main outcome measures were walking ability (stride length, cadence, and walking speed) and Physiological Cost Index (PCI), conducted at the beginning and end of the 7-week study. After 7-week of exercise, the result...
Pendahuluan: Uji jalan 6 menit (6MWT) merupakan uji latih submaksimal, dengan variabel utama yang diukur adalah jarak tempuh dalam 6 menit. Jarak tempuh 6 MWT akan dipengaruhi oleh kecepatan jalan yang akan meningkat seiring dengan pertumbuhan anak, terutama disebabkan karena peningkatan panjang langkah. Pertambahan panjang tungkai akan memengaruhi pertambahan panjang langkah. Metode: deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross-sectional. Hasil: Jarak tempuh 6MWT di lintasan 15 meter pada anak laki-laki usia 10, 11, 12, 13 dan 14 tahun adalah 485,5 (395-585) m, 521 (432-660) m, 524 (431-694,2) m, 560 (449-675) m, dan 540 (439-664,5) m. Jarak tempuh 6MWT pada lintasan 15 meter untuk anak perempuan usia 10, 11, 12, 13, dan 14 tahun adalah 497 (353-742) m, 553 (420-662) m, 559 (428,1-658) m, 551,3 (373-685) m, dan 545,6 (464-600) m. Panjang tungkai berkorelasi bermakna dengan jarak tempuh 6MWT (p<0,001). Berdasarkan uji regresi didapatkan rumus prediksi jarak tempuh 6MWT untuk anak sehat usia 10-14 tahun pada lintasan 15 m yaitu 6,872 x panjang tungkai (cm). Kesimpulan: Panjang tungkai memiliki korelasi dengan jarak tempuh 6MWT, dan dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi jarak tempuh 6MWT pada anak sehat usia 10-14 tahun di lintasan 15 m.
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