Objective: Mood disorders cause significant work performance disability in sufferers and often lead to adverse employment outcomes in working individuals. The aim of this study was to explore factors associated with time to achieve employment through the occupational support program (OSP) for patients with mood disorders.Methods: The participants were patients admitted to the Kyorin university hospital from April 2016 to April 2019. Patients who met the criteria for major depressive disorder and depressive episode of bipolar I or II disorder according to DSM-5 and participated in the occupational therapy-based OSP for at least three sessions (one course) were included in this study. We collected demographic and clinical variables at the baseline of this study through medical records and OSP records; the variables included age, gender, diagnosis, scores of Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology and Global Assessment of Functioning, the number of times of participation in the OSP, word count of the transcription task in the OSP, typographical deficiency, fatigue status and mood status after the OSP. The primary outcome was set as the time to achieve the employment within 1 year after the discharge.Results: Of the 211 patients who participated in the OSP during the survey period, 49 participants met the criteria in this study. The results showed that 14 patients achieved and the other 35 patients did not achieve the employment within 1 year of discharge from the hospital. A multivariate cox regression analysis revealed that the word count of the transcription task in the OSP (HR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.01–1.05, p = 0.016) and mood status after the OSP (HR = 2.77, 95% CI = 1.18–6.51, p = 0.019) were significantly associated with time to achieve the employment.Conclusion: In conclusion, this study suggested that work speed and mood response in the OSP could be significant predictors for achieving employment in patients with mood disorders.

In recent years the amount of software running on mobile phones has increased dramatically due to the start of data network connection services for mobile phones. As a result it has sometimes become necessary to repair defects in such products after they have been shipped to market. In this context, services have been launched that enable software to be updated after a terminal has been sold. The time taken for software to be updated is made up of the time taken to transmit the data to the handset via a mobile network or from a PC (which in turn depends on the amount of data being transmitted) and the time taken to overwrite the data on flash memory. A standard method for making the amount of data that needs to be transmitted to the handset small, is to only send delta data corresponding to those parts of the new version of the software that differ from the old version; it is generally necessary to make this delta as small as possible. Following a description of existing techniques for extracting deltas, in this paper we make multiple proposals regarding delta extraction schemes that are designed with the structure of mobile phone software particularly in mind with a view to making the delta data transmitted to the handset when updating software as small as possible; we then describe results of evaluations with actual mobile phones immediately prior to shipping. Both of the schemes that we propose are shown to allow a reduction of approximately 30 percent in the size of the delta when compared with standard delta representation mechanisms. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 90(7): 26–37, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (http://www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecja.20348

Patients with treatment-refractory depression (TRD) have significantly great losses in work productivity and employment. Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is considered an approach for the treatment of TRD. However, the effectiveness of IPT in patients with TRD remains unclear. In this study, we report cases of TRD patients who underwent IPT after a detailed evaluation, along with their employment status. Of 112 patients who experienced 1-week examination administration for TRD at Kyorin University Hospital, which aimed to determine appropriate diagnosis and treatment approaches for each patient, four patients who met the criteria for major depressive disorder according to DSM-IV-TR and were determined suitable for IPT were included in this report. Two patients had moderate, one had mild, and one had remission levels of depressive symptoms according to the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale at the time of admission. All four patients completed the scheduled sessions of IPT (6–16 sessions) in the outpatient clinic and achieved remission. All four patients attained full-time employment within 6 months after receiving IPT. This study suggests that the appropriate selection of IPT might be effective for TRD patients, possibly leading to positive outcomes, including work productivity and employment status.