The aim of this study was assess the effect of collagen-based films containing usnic acid as a wound dressing for dermal burn healing. Second-degree burn wounds were performed in forty-five Wistar rats, assigned into nine groups: COL—animals treated with collagen-based films; PHO—animals treated with collagen films containing empty liposomes; UAL—animals treated with collagen-based films containing usnic acid incorporated into liposomes. After 7, 14, and 21 days the animals were euthanized. On 7th day there was a moderate infiltration of neutrophils, in UAL, distributed throughout the burn wounds, whereas in COL and PHO, the severity of the reaction was slighter and still limited to the margins of the burn wounds. On the 14th day, the inflammatory reaction was less intense in UAL, with remarkable plasma cells infiltration. On the 21st day, there was reduction of the inflammation, which was predominantly composed of plasma cells in all groups, particularly in UAL. The use of the usnic acid provided more rapid substitution of type-III for type-I collagen on the 14th day, and improved the collagenization density on the 21st day. It was concluded that the use of reconstituted bovine type-I collagen-based films containing usnic acid improved burn healing process in rats.
Atranorin (ATR) is the main compound from the lichen Cladina kalbii Ahti, which grows in the arid regions of northeastern Brazil. This study was conducted to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and toxicological properties of ATR. To evaluate anti-inflammatory properties, paw edema was induced by injecting 0.1 mL of carrageenan into the subplantar region of the right hind paw of rats, and leukocyte migration was induced by injection of 500 µL of carrageenan into the peritoneal cavity of mice. In addition, we determined ATR cytotoxicity in L929 cells by MTT assay and acute (5 g/kg-single dose) and subchronic (50 mg/kg-30 days) toxicity tests in Wistar rats. The results showed that ATR (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity (paw edema and leukocyte migration). In the acute toxicity test, the animals showed hypoactivity and lethargy during the initial period (first 6 hours) and increase in total protein, total and indirect bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase after 14 days in ATR-treated male rats. The subchronic toxicity test revealed increases in total protein, globulin, gamma-glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, and total and direct bilirubin in ATR-treated female rats. Histological analysis revealed no changes in the architecture and morphology of the organs. These results suggest that ATR has significant anti-inflammatory activity, with no significant acute and subchronic toxicity or cytotoxicity.Uniterms: Cladina kalbii/pharmacognosy. Atranorin/anti-inflamatory activity. Atranorin/toxicity. Medicinal plants.Atranorina (ATR) é o principal composto do líquen Cladina kalbii Ahti, que cresce em terras áridas do nordeste brasileiro. Este estudo foi realizado para avaliar as propriedades antiinflamatórias e toxicológicas da ATR. Para avaliar as propriedades antiinflamatórias, o edema de pata foi induzido, administrando-se 0,1 mL de carragenina na região subplantar da pata traseira direita e a migração leucocitária foi induzida pela injeção de 500 µL de carragenina no peritônio. Além disso, determinou-se a citotoxicidade da ATR, utilizando-se a linhagem celular L929, através do teste de MTT e dos testes de toxicidade aguda (5 g/kg -dose única) e subcrônica (50 mg/kg-30 dias) em ratos Wistar. Os resultados mostraram que nas doses de (100 mg/kg e 200 mg/kg) a ATR exibiu atividade antiinflamatória significativa nos ensaios de edema de pata e migração leucocitária. Nos testes de toxicidade aguda, os animais apresentaram hipoatividade e letargia no período inicial (primeiras 6 horas) e aumento das proteínas totais, bilirrubinas total e indireta e fosfatase alcalina depois de 14 dias nos machos tratados. Para o ensaio subcrônico, houve aumento das proteínas totais, gama-glutamil-transferase, fosfatase alcalina e bilirrubina total e direta nas fêmeas tratadas com ATR. Não foram encontradas alterações na arquitetura e morfologia das lâminas histológicas observadas. Esses resultados sugerem que a ATR apresenta atividade antiinflamatória significativa, sem apresentar significativa toxicida...
O ácido úsnico (AU) é um metabólito secundário de líquens que tem demonstrado potenciais efeitos farmacológicos, tais como atividade antimicrobiana, antiviral, antiproliferativa e anti-inflamatória. O colágeno, por sua vez, é um dos biomateriais mais utilizados visando o desenvolvimento de sistema de liberação de fármacos. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver e validar um método analítico por espectrofotometria na região do ultravioleta (UV) para determinação de concentrações de AU em membranas de colágeno. Os parâmetros de validação foram determinados de acordo com a Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA). A especificidade revelou que os excipientes na formulação não interferiram na análise. A linearidade nas concentrações de 2-10 µg/mL apresentou um coeficiente de correlação de 0,9994. O método mostrou excelente repetibilidade (desvio-padrão relativo < 1,0%). A precisão revelou uma recuperação média percentual de 100,43%. O método foi robusto para a variação de temperatura e solvente. Os limites de detecção e de quantificação foram 0,109 e 0,364 g/mL, respectivamente. A taxa total de recuperação das membranas analisados apresentaram valores entre 100,4 e 83,2%.Palavras-chave: ácido úsnico, membranas de colágeno, espectrofotometria UV The usnic acid (UA) is a secondary metabolite of lichen that has shown potential pharmacological effects such as antimicrobial, antiviral, antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory activities. Collagen is one of the most useful biomaterials with various applications as drug delivery systems. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a quantitative UV spectrophotometric method for the determination of UA levels in collagen membranes. The validation parameters were assessed according to the Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA). The specificity revealed that the excipients in the formulation did not interfere with the analysis. The linearity in the range of 2-10 μg/mL presented a correlation coefficient of 0.9994. The method showed excellent repeatability (Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) < 1.0%). The accuracy revealed a mean percentage recovery of 100.43%. The method was robust for the variation of temperature and solvent. The detection and quantization limits were found at 0.109 and 0.364 µg/mL. The total rate recovery from the analyzed membranes showed values between 100.4 and 83.2%.
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