Ion modification of polymeric materials requires gentle regimens and subsequent investigation of mechanical and deformation behavior of the surfaces. Polyurethane is a synthetic block copolymer: A fibrillar hard phase is inhomogeneoulsy distributed in a matrix of soft phase. Implantation of carbon ions into this polymer by deep oscillation magnetron sputtering (energy—0.1–1 keV and dose of ions—1014–1015 ion/cm2) forms graphene-like nanolayer and causes heterogeneous changes in structural and mechanical properties of the surface: Topography, elastic modulus and depth of implantation for the hard/soft phase areas are different. As a result, after certain treatment regimens strain-induced defects (nanocracks in the areas of the modified soft phase, or folds in the hard phase) appear on the surfaces of stretched materials. Treated surfaces have increased hydrophobicity and free surface energy, and in some cases show good deformability without any defects.

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Physicochemical and functional properties of 2,2-diallyl-1,1,3,3-tetraethylguanidinium chloride copolymers with N-(n-carboxyphenyl)maleimide, of N-vinylpyrrolidone with N-(n-carboxyphenyl)maleimide, and of N-vinylpyrrolidone with N-phenylmaleimide have been investigated. Specific surface area and porosity of the copolymers under investigation have been determined by using the lowtemperature adsorption method. Electron microscope investigations in surfaces of the polymers have evinced that all of them have a spongy microstructure, the N-vinylpyrrolidone copolymer with N-(n-carboxyphenyl)maleimide being the most homogeneous of these. Sorption capacity of the copolymers toward Re(VII) ions has been investigated. The process is described by the Langmuir isotherm. The pH is the most important parameter for sorption process of Re(VII). In the conjoint presence of Re(VII) and Mo(VI) in a solution of acid and ammoniac mediums, rhenium can be separated from molybdenum by using the sorbents under investigation at pH > 4.5 or at hydrochloric acid concentrations 0.1 mol L À1 and more.

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