Relevance. Cold vasodilation is a response to a decrease in local and general temperature. Dose-controlled hypothermia is a therapeutic method for treating various pathological processes. Materials and Methods. In our study, we analyzed various indicators of the general condition of the human body under the influence of local controlled hypothermia. The study involved 25 healthy volunteers from the age of 21 to 34, including 14 males and 11 females. The study was carried out at a constant temperature of 25 ºС, relative humidity of 30 ± 5%, and an atmospheric pressure of 765mm Hg in silence and moderate illumination. The instruments of these indicators were bio-impedancemetry, angioscanning, as well as general thermometry. We also performed local thermometry of the buccal mucosa to identify temperature correlations between local hypothermia and buccal mucosa temperature. Local сontrolled hypothermia of the face was carried out by applying an elastic mask to the subject’s face. The mask had a system of irrigation tubes connected to the «ViTherm» device, which cooled the liquid and maintained its circulation. Due to the circulation of the cooled liquid in the mask the face was cooled. The mask covered the parotid-chewing, buccal, zygomatic, and infraorbital regions on the right and left. LCG lasted 50 minutes, and the circulating fluid temperature was 18 ºС. Results and Discussion. The effect of local controlled hypothermia at 18-20 °C did not affect vital signs in healthy adults: active cell mass, electrical reactance, extracellular fluid, oxygen saturation, the duration of systole. pulse. general temperature. At the same time, a decrease in tissue hydration was recorded. The revealed physiological effect of local hypothermia justifies using this temperature regime to reduce postoperative edema. Conclusion. Due to the absence of negative effects of local controlled hypothermia on the vital signs of the human body, the development and application of this tool in clinical practice, including the dental surgeon. is relevant.

Local hypothermia is used to control inflammation, pain, edema, neuroprotection, and reduce muscle lockjaw. Despite the frequent use of cooling in neurology, cardiology, orthopedic rehabilitation, and physiotherapy, there is little scientific literature on the use of controlled hypothermia in oral and maxillofacial surgery. The aim of our study was to develop and substantiate the clinical effectiveness of the method of controlled cooling of the soft tissues of the parotid-masticatory and buccal areas as an anti-inflammatory physiotherapeutic agent in patients after surgery for the removal of dystopic wisdom teeth. For this, local controlled cooling of the masticatory-buccal and submandibular regions was carried out using the ViThermo apparatus in the study group, and cryotherapy was carried out in the control group. As a result, local controlled hypothermia of the soft tissues of the parotid-masticatory and buccal areas at an external constant temperature of the mask of 18 °С allows you to reach 32–34.2 °С of the soft tissues of the specified area and mucous membrane, which is safe and sufficient to provide anti-inflammatory action in the postoperative period with complex tooth extraction wisdom.

The successful use of surgical and medical methods of jaw bone tissue restoration has been convincingly confirmed in clinical practice. At the same time, technologies are being developed to improve the osseointegration of dental implants in patients with osteoporosis. The use of various implant coatings, as well as systemic therapy, demonstrate the emergence of new directions in the treatment of patients with partial or complete secondary edentulism with concomitant osteoporosis. This trend is relevant in modern medicine . Information was obtained from the PubMed database, using the keywords «osteoporosis» and «osseointegration» and «dental implantation» and «zoledronic acid» from 2016 to 2022. Articles were selected based on experimental work. Numerous studies have shown that bone tissue is an effective indicator of osteoporotic changes. The main changes in bone tissue in osteoporosis are emphasized - a decrease in bone volume, deterioration of the microarchitecture of the trabecular bone and processes that prevent osseointegration - loss of bone mass, a significant decrease in the percentage of contact in the implant-bone complex. Methods of dealing with the negative impact on the operation of dental implantation have been identified. In a review of studies on the systemic administration of drugs based on bisphosphonates, an increase in the osseointegration of dental implants was revealed, the systemic administration of zoledronic acid preparations significantly increased the formation of new bone, which in turn contributed to the elimination of such a negative effect of osteoporosis as bone resorption. In addition to the systemic administration of bisphosphonates, experimental studies describe the topical application of bisphosphonates in the form of various implant coatings. Topical application of bisphosphonates also contributed to increased osseointegration. Microstructured coated implants showed less marginal bone loss compared to uncoated implants. Conclusion. The use of dental implants with modified macro- and microrelief, as well as systemic drug therapy, remains the main direction of scientific research that contributes to the optimization of osseointegration of dental implants.

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