Aims The aims are to develop a population pharmacokinetic model of capecitabine (CAP) and its main metabolites after the oral administration of CAP in colorectal cancer patients with different polymorphisms of the ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) gene and a population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model capable of accounting for the neutropenic effects, and to optimize the dosing strategy based on the polymorphisms of the ABC gene and/or the administration regimen as a single agent or in combination. Methods Forty‐eight patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer were included, with 432 plasma levels of CAP, 5′‐desoxi‐5‐fluorouridine (5′‐DFUR) and 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU), and 370 neutrophil observations. Capecitabine doses ranged from 1250 to 2500 mg/m2/24 h. Plasma measurements of CAP, 5′‐DFUR and 5‐FU were obtained at 1, 2 and 3 hours post administration. Neutrophil levels were measured between day 15 and day 24 post administration. Results The pharmacokinetic model incorporates oxaliplatin as a covariate on absorption lag time, rs6720173 (ABCG5 gene) on clearance of 5′‐DFUR (182% increase for mutated rs6720173) and rs2271862 (ABCA2 gene) on clearance of 5‐FU (184% increase for mutated rs2271862). System‐ (Circ0 = 3.54 × 109 cells/mL, MTT = 204 hours and γ = 6.0 × 10−2) and drug‐related (slope [SLP] = 3.1 × 10−2mL/mg). Co‐administration of oxaliplatin resulted in a 2.84‐fold increase in SLP. The predicted exposure thresholds to G3/4 neutropenia in combination and monotherapy were 26 and 70 mg·h/L, respectively. Conclusions The population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model characterized the time course of capecitabine and its metabolites in plasma. Dose recommendations of capecitabine in patients with mutated and wild allele for single nucleotide polymorphisms rs2271862 of ≤3000 and ≤2400 mg/m2/24 h in monotherapy and ≤1750 and ≤600 mg/m2/24 h in combination with oxaliplatin, respectively, have been proposed.
Objetivo: identificar la ingestión alimentaria de macro y micronutrientes en adolescentes viviendo con VIH/sida que usan terapia anti-retroviral y compararlos a las Dietary Reference Intakes. Metodología: estudio transversal realizado con adolescentes de ambos sexos con VIH/sida, en el que se evaluó la composición dietética de macro y micronutrientes a través del recordatorio alimentario de 24h. Resultados: 39 adolescentes con una edad promedio de 15 años, un 51,3% del sexo masculino. Los participantes consumieron menos calorías totales en la dieta, fibra total (g/d), vitaminas liposolubles (A, D, E, K), vitamina B5 (mg/d), vitamina B9 (mg/d), vitamina C (mg/d), calcio (mg/d), fósforo (mg/d), potasio (mg/d) y magnesio (mg/d) que lo recomendado. Los porcentajes de ingestión por debajo de lo recomendado representaron el 79,5% para las calorías, el 82,1% para la fibra total, el 89,7% para la vitamina A, el 100% para la vitamina D, el 87,2% para la vitamina E, el 100% para la vitamina K, el 71,8% para la vitamina B5, el 82,1% para la vitamina B9, el 76,9% para la vitamina C, el 92,3% para el calcio, el 61,5% para el fósforo, el 97,4% para el potasio y el 76,9% para el magnesio. Los participantes consumían más carbohidratos (g), proteínas (g), vitaminas B2 (mg/d), B3 (mg/d), B8 (mg/d) y sodio (g/d) de lo recomendado, representando porcentajes por encima de la ingestión del 92,3% para los hidratos de carbono, del 64,1% para las proteínas y la vitamina B2, del 56,4% para la vitamina B3, del 82,1% para la vitamina B8 y del 59% para el sodio. Los demás nutrientes estaban dentro de lo recomendado por las DRIs. Conclusión: el consumo alimentario fue inadecuado en comparación con lo recomendado por las Directrices Internacionales de Nutrición. The most significant deficiencies in macro and micro nutrients in adolescents living with HIV/AIDS in antiretroviral therapy Las deficiencias más significativas de macro y micro nutrientes en adolescentes que viven con el VIH/sida en terapia anti-retroviral
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.