Introduction: Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is a tropical herbal plant native to the North Malay Peninsula, Malaysia and Thailand. In Indonesia, kratom us a typical plant of West Kalimantan, especially in Putussibau. Kratom leaf has many pharmacological effects, one of them is antioxidant. However, the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Mitragyna speciosa leaf extracts are lacking. This study was to examine the effect of the methanol extract of Mitragyna speciosa (Rubiaceae Family) leaves on microorganisms Escherichia coli and Strepococcus pneumoniae.Methods: Kratom leaves were extracted with methanol as solvent. In this study, S. pneumoniae and E. coli bacteria have been used. Antibacterial activity tests were carried out at concentrations of 0.78%, 1.56%, 3.125%, 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50% and 100%. Insilico was used to search for secondary metabolites and metabolite interactions in Mytragina speciosa. Results: Mitragyna speciosa leaf methanol extract was effective in inhibiting the growth of E. coli and S. pneumoniae significantly (P<0.001). The growth of e.coli was not identified from a concentration of 25% to 100%. However, there was no bacterial growth in S. pneumoniae from a concentration of 6.25% to 100%. In the insilico study it was found that the secondary metabolite of Mitragyna speciosa is quercetin, which interacts with the ATP1 protein as a predictor in the mechanism of Mitragyna speciosa as an antibacterial. Conclusion: In conclusion, there is no correlation between nutritional status and remission outcome of patients with ALL in the induction phase of therapy. However, high percentage of underweight patients shows nutrition needs special attention to improve therapy outcomes.

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is the most common pathogen in humans that causes various infections. Variations in infections due to S. aureus are related to the presence of virulence factors, one of which is Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1 (TSST-1) which is the main cause of Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS). This study aimed to explore the genetic pattern of the tsst-1 genes among MSSA and MRSA from clinical isolates of patients at Dr. Soetomo Academic Hospital, Surabaya-Indonesia. PCR examination was performed on 106 clinical samples of S. aureus isolates to determine the presence of the tsst-1 genes; subsequently, phylogenetic analysis was performed. The positive tsst-1 genes were found in 3 (5.7%) MSSA isolates and 2 (3.8%) MRSA isolates from 106 samples, of which were divided into 53 MSSA isolates and 53 MRSA isolates. No significant difference was noticed between the tsst-1 genes on both the MSSA and MRSA bacteria (p = 0.648). The positive tsst-1 genes were found in 1 (4.5%) of pus specimens and 2 (16.7%) of blood specimens from MSSA isolates. However, the positive tsst-1 genes were found in neither sputum nor urine specimens. The genes were found in 2 (16.7%) of blood specimens from MRSA isolates. Based on the phylogenetic tree, Indonesian tsst-1 isolates belonged to the same clade as Japan, Iran, Iraq, India, Egypt and the United Kingdom isolates. The prevalence of tsst-1 genes of both MSSA and MRSA from clinical isolates in Dr. Soetomo Academic Hospital Surabaya are 5.7% and 3.8%, respectively. The tsst-1 genes of Surabaya-Indonesia, Japan, Iran, Iraq, India, Egypt and the United Kingdom belonged to the same clade.

Pengecatan gram merupakan Teknik rutin yang dilaksanakan pada laboratorium mikrobiologi. Penggunaan Teknik ini dilakukan dalam proses isolasi, identifikasi, hingga pemeliharaan kulturbakteri. Pembacaan hasil pengecatan gram dalam proses identifikasi akan sangat mempengaruhi keberlanjutan proses dan hasil akhir bakteri yang diidentifikasi. Seorang pemeriksa di laboratorium mikrobiologi harus memiliki kemampuan operasional dalam pengecatan gram, melakukan pemantapan mutu, dan memberikan penilaian terhadap penyimpangan pada proses teknis operasional. Jajak pendapat kepada lulusan siswa SMK Kesehatan yang melanjutkan jenjang Pendidikan ke tingkat diploma 4 Analis Kesehatan UNUSA, menunjukkan kurangnya pemahaman tentang Quality Control Pengecatan Gram. Selain itu, keterbatasan pemahaman juga disebabkan akses terhadap pembelajaran laboratorium sangat terbatas saat pandemi covid 19. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengebdian kepada masyarakat ini meliputi pemaparan materi mengenai Quality Control Pengecatan Gram, Praktik Pengecatan Gram di Laboratorium, dan melakukan evaluasi di akhir. Hasil pengamatan di lapangan, siswa yang mengikuti pelatihan pengecatan gram belum banyak terlatih untuk prosedur ini. Hal ini terjadi karena kurangnya pengalaman di laboratorium saat pandemi covid-19. 95,85% peserta menilai kegiatan ini sangat membantu mereka terutama pada sesi praktik di laboratorium. Evaluasi setelah magang menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 73,9% peserta menjawab adanya manfaat yang diperoleh dari pelatihan untuk pelaksanaan magang. Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat sangat membantu mitra dalam menyiapkan para siswanya untuk dapat memiliki kompetensi yang lebih baik lagi sebelum program magang dilakukan oleh mitra. 65,2% Siswa sebagai partisipan kegiatan ini menilai secara mandiri memiliki kemampuan diatas angka 6 dari maksimalangka 10.

Salah satu potensi Pondok Pesantren yang bisa dimanfaatkan terkait dengan adanya sumber daya dan potensi pembelajaran adalah pemberdayaan potensi kesehatan, utamanya tentang herbal medicine. Mengingat saat ini Covid masih ada, maka herbal medicine diharapkan bisa memberi angin segar untuk upaya terapi pendamping atau upaya peningkatan imunitas. Metode pengabdian masyarakat menggunakan webinar secara online interaktif yang dievaluasi lewat pretest dan posttest. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan secara daring dengan santri Ponpes Zainul Hasan Genggong. Terlaksananya webinar online mengenai potensi kesehatan berbasis pondok yang diselingi pretest dan posttest serta tanya jawab telah memberikan gambaran yang baik kepada para santri Pondok Pesantren Zainul Hasan Genggong. Peningkatan pengetahuan mengenai herbal medicine diharapkan bisa menjadi titik awal pengembangan potensi kesehatan berbasis pondok pesantren yang selanjutnya bisa terus meningkat dan semakin bermanfaat bagi lingkungan sekitar.