Se describe e ilustra una nueva especie del género Pleurothallis para la región Andina colombiana llamada P. villahermosae, perteneciente a la subsección Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae. La nueva especie es morfológicamente similar a Pleurothalis callosa, de la cual se diferencia por tener el sépalo dorsal y el sinsépalo ovado-elíptico; pétalos falcado-lanceolados, acuminados y el labelo cuadrangular-ovado con presencia de 2 callos basales que ocupan un tercio de la longitud del labelo (vs. sépalo dorsal elíptico y sinsépalo ampliamente ovado y labelo unguiculado con 2 callos basales que se extienden hasta la mitad de la longitud del labelo en P. callosa). Se proporciona información geográfica, características ecológicas y estado de conservación de la nueva especie.

A new species of Lepanthes from the Eastern Andes of Colombia is described and illustrated. Lepanthes florenciana is most similar to Lepanthes niphas, but it can be distinguished by the petals transversely trilobed with the upper and lower lobe dolabriform (vs. transversely bilobed with the lobes narrowly triangular), a lunate lip blades (vs. semi-orbicular) and an oblong pubescent appendix (vs. a minute apiculum in the sinus).

Pleurothallis subsection Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae is the most species-rich infrageneric grouping within this genus. Within this subsection, based on floral and vegetative morphology, we recognize the P. cardiostola-P. lilijae complex, an expansion of Luer's previously proposed subsection Cardiostolae. The nature of the two species P. cardiostola and P. lilijae is clarified here to allow comparison to an additional 24 possible members of the complex. Recognizing P. lanigera as distinct from P. cardiostola, and the other putative species as distinct from each other, brings the complex of previously described species to 26. In the process of reviewing living material and photographs of these species, as well as of the many plants misidentified as P. lilijae, it quickly became apparent that there are multiple undescribed species in this group. Six new species from Colombia, Ecuador and Peru are described herein. Each species is typified, described and illustrated, in most cases with a drawing, a composite digital plate, photos to show floral variability, and a scanning electron micrograph of the lip. Including these additional 6 species brings the P. cardiostola-P. lilijae complex to 32 members, which is both more numerous and more widely distributed than the P. cardiothallis-P. titan complex. One characteristic of species in this group is the copious production of nectar-like liquid on the lip and a prominent glenion.