There is reduction in collagen with increasing age, and an increase in its degradation, leading to fragmentation of the fibers.

PURPOSE:To assess the capsules formed by silicone implants coated with polyurethane foam and with a textured surface. METHODS:Sixty-four Wistar albinus rats were divided into two groups of 32 each using polyurethane foam and textured surface. The capsules around the implants were analyzed for 30, 50, 70 and 90 days. Were analyzed the following parameters: foreign body reaction, granulation tissue, presence of myofibroblasts, neoangiogenesis, presence of synovial metaplasia, capsular thickness, total area and collagen percentage of type I and III, in capsules formed around silicone implants in both groups. RESULTS:The foreign body reaction was only present in the four polyurethane subgroups. The formation of granulation tissue and the presence of myofibroblasts were higher in the four polyurethane subgroups. Regarding to neoangiogenesis and synovial metaplasia, there was no statistical difference between the groups. Polyurethane group presented (all subgroups) a greater capsule thickness, a smaller total area and collagen percentage of type I and a higher percentage area of type III, with statistical difference. CONCLUSION:The use of polyurethane-coated implants should be stimulated by the long-term results in a more stable capsule and a lower incidence of capsular contracture, despite developing a more intense and delayed inflammatory reaction in relation to implants with textured surface.

-This study analyzed prevalence, frequency and cause of headache among 460 children ranging from 10 to 14 years-old from a Brazilian school. A questionnaire was handed both to children and parents to know if there would be differences among children and parental reports. The lifetime prevalence of headache was 93.5% (children reports) and 93.3% (parental reports). The last year prevalence was 90% (children) and 89.8% (parents). Headache episodes were frequent in 17.6% (children) and 18.5% (parents). The most often reported cause was "flu" (39.1% by children, and 46.7% by parents). This study demonstrated that the prevalence of headache in children is high; moreover, there were noted few differences between data obtained from children and parents. So, we could say that when the objective of a epidemiologic study is to determine the prevalence of headache in children, both children and parental reports may be used.KEY WORDS: headache, schoolchildren, epidemiology. Prevalência de cefaléia em crianças de uma escola de Curitiba, Brasil, comparando dados obtidos de crianças e paisRESUMO -Este estudo analisou prevalência, frequência e motivo da cefaléia entre 460 crianças de 10 a 14 anos de uma escola brasileira. Com a finalidade de saber se haveria diferenças obtendo informações das crianças ou dos pais, um questionário foi entregue a ambos. A prevalência durante a vida foi 93,5% (relatos das crianças) e 93,3% (relatos dos pais). A prevalência nos últimos 12 meses foi 90% (crianças) e 89,8% (pais). As cefaléias foram frequentes em 17,6% (crianças) e 18,5% (pais). O motivo mais citado foi "gripe" (39,1% pelas crianças e 46,7% pelos pais). Esse estudo demonstrou ser alta a prevalência de cefaléia entre crianças; além disso, poucas diferenças entre dados obtidos de crianças e pais foram observadas. Dessa forma, poderíamos dizer que quando o objetivo de um estudo epidemiológico é determinar a prevalência de cefaléia em crianças, tanto os relatos das crianças como os dos pais podem ser utilizados.

PURPOSE:To evaluate the healing process of a defect in the ventral abdominal wall of rats, comparing the polypropylene and polypropylene/poliglecaprone meshes on the 30 th and 60 th postoperative day. METHODS: Thirty two Wistar rats were submitted to a ventral abdominal wall defect, with integrity of the parietal peritoneum. In the repair, were used polypropylene (group A) and polypropylene/poliglecaprone (group B) meshes. The groups were subdivided into four subgroups of eight animals euthanized on the 30 th (A30 and B30) and 60 th postoperative day (A60 and B60). Fragments of the abdominal wall of the animals were submitted to macroscopic, tensiometric and histological evaluations. RESULTS:The tensiometry on subgroup A30 showed a mean average break point of 0.78 MPa and in A60, 0.66 Mpa. In subgroup B30 it was 0.84 MPa and in B60, 1.27 Mpa. The score of the inflammatory process showed subacute phase on A30 and B30 sub-groups and chronic inflammatory process in subgroups A30 and 60B. CONCLUSIONS: The tensile strength was higher on the wall repaired by polypropylene/poliglecaprone mesh in the 60 th post-operative day. Histology showed higher concentration of fibrosis on the surface of the polypropylene mesh with a tendency to encapsulation. In polypropylene/poliglecaprone subgroups the histology showed higher concentration of fibrosis on the surface of mesh filaments. Key words: Surgical Mesh. Hernia, Abdominal. Polypropylenes. Rats. RESUMO OBJETIVO: Avaliar a cicatrização de um defeito, na parede abdominal ventral de ratos, comparando-se as telas de polipropileno e polipropileno/poliglecaprone no 30º e 60º dia do pós-operatório. MÉTODOS: Trinta e dois ratos Wistar foram submetidos à produção de defeito na parede abdominal ventral, com integridade do peritônio parietal. Na correção foram utilizadas as telas de polipropileno (grupo A) e polipropileno/poliglecaprone (grupo B). Houve subdivisão em quatro subgrupos (A30, A60, B30 e B60) de oito animais que foram submetidos à eutanásia no 30º e 60º dia do pós-operatório. Fragmentos da parede abdominal foram submetidos à análise macroscópica, tensiométrica e histológica. RESULTADOS: A tensiometria no subgrupo A30 mostrou tensão média de ruptura de 0,78 Mpa e no subgrupo A60 de 0,66 MPa. No subgrupo B30 foi de 0,84 MPa e no B60 de 1,27 MPa. O escore do processo inflamatório mostrou fase subaguda nos subgrupos A30 e B30 e processo inflamatório crônico no subgrupo A60 e B60. CONCLUSÕES: A resistência à tensão foi maior na parede reparada pela tela de polipropileno/poliglecaprone no 60° dia pós-operatório. Na análise histológica houve maior concentração da fibrose na superfície da tela de polipropileno com tendência ao encapsulamento. Nos subgrupos polipropileno/poliglecaprone a análise histológica mostrou maior fibrose entre os filamentos da tela. Descritores: Telas Cirúrgicas. Hérnia Abdominal. Polipropilenos. Ratos.Comparative study between polypropylene and polypropylene/poliglecaprone meshes used in the correction of abdominal wall defect in rats

Influence of aging on the skin quality of white-skinned women Influence of aging on the skin quality of white-skinned women: the role of collagen, elastic material density, and vascularizationInfluência do envelhecimento na qualidade da pele de mulheres brancas: o papel do colágeno, da densidade de material elástico e da vascularização