Latar Belakang: Kesehatan mental merupakan sektor penting dalam mewujudkan kesehatan secaramenyeluruh. Terdapat sekitar 450 juta orang menderita gangguan mental dan perilaku di seluruh dunia,terbanyak di India (4,5%). Satu dari empat orang menderita satu atau lebih gangguan mental selama masahidup mereka. Gangguan mental jika tidak ditangani dengan tepat, akan bertambah parah, dan akhirnya dapatmembebani keluarga, masyarakat, serta pemerintah. Studi ini bertujuan mengetahui situasi kesehatan mentalpada masyarakat Indonesia dan strategi penanggulangannya.Metode: Tulisan ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif eksploratif, melalui tinjauan literatur dan kajian datasekunder. Unit analisis yaitu situasi kesehatan mental di Indonesia.Hasil Penelitian: Berdasarkan kajian data Riskesdas 2013 diketahui prevalensi gangguan mental berat padapenduduk Indonesia 1,7%, terbanyak di Yogyakarta, Aceh, Sulawesi Selatan. Adapun gangguan mentalemosional dengan gejala-gejala depresi dan kecemasan sekitar 6%. Hingga saat ini, masih terdapat stigmadan diskriminasi terhadap orang dengan gangguan mental di Indonesia, sehingga mengalami penangananserta perlakuan salah seperti pemasungan. Oleh karena itu strategi yang optimal perlu dilakukan bagi setiapindividu, keluarga dan masyarakat dengan pendekatan promotif, preventif, kuratif, dan rehabilitatif secaramenyeluruh, terpadu dan berkesinambungan. Kesehatan mental dapat ditingkatkan dengan intervensikesehatan masyarakat yang efektif. Paradigma dalam gerakan kesehatan mental yang lebih mengedepankanpada aspek pencegahan serta peran komunitas untuk membantu optimalisasi fungsi mental individu.Kesimpulan: Masih banyaknya kasus gangguan kesehatan mental pada masyarakat, dan penanganannyayang salah di Indonesia. Pemerintah perlu melakukan upaya penanggulangan yang menyeluruh, dimulaiadanya peraturan kebijakan yang menjadi dasar dukungan pendanaan dan akses ke pelayanan kesehatanmental serta didukung pendekatan berbasis komunitas.Kata kunci: adanya peraturan kebijakan yang menjadi dasar dukungan pendanaan dan akses ke pelayanan kesehatanmental serta didukung pendekatan berbasis komunitas.Kata kunci: Depresi, gangguan mental, psikososial, psikososial, skizofrenia., gangguan mental, psikososial, pemasungan, skizofrenia.
Mental health disorders are still one of the most prominent health problems in the world, including in Indonesia. There is still a misguided stigma and discrimination on people with mental disorders, so more than 56,000 of them experience restraint. This study aims to determine the efforts and review the implementation of Law no. 18/2014 about Mental Health until 2017. This is a policy study using literature review. Descriptive exploration is done using a policy analysis framework in the implementation phase based on Edwards III model. The unit of analysis is mental health policy in Indonesia. The results show that only a few local governments initiate special mental health regulations as well as more operational programs. Activities are still focused on curative and rehabilitative efforts. There has been prevention of deprivation through the ‘Indonesia Free Restraint’ program since 1977 but this has not gone well. The communication process encountered problems of unclear and inconsistent information. Moreover, not all local governments use the authority to regulate the mental health policy to mobilize resources. Law no. 18/2014 has not been implemented optimally. Not all implementers and policy targets are dedicated to direction of the Law. Neither not all aspects of mental health efforts have programs, Standard Operating Procedure and coordination governance. Conversely, optimal implementation can be done by introducing it as an element of primary health in basic health service.
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