Twenty-five RCTs are reviewed. The majority of studies (n = 15) focused on interventions targeting both children and adolescents and their caregivers and were delivered in diabetes clinics, outpatient settings, mental health clinics, or participants' homes. Family-based interventions for youth with T1D appear effective at improving diabetes and family-centered outcomes. Additional research is needed to examine the pathways to improvement in glycemic control, as outcomes were mixed. Future research should also involve measures beyond HbA1c given new markers for sustained health improvement and outcomes are being explored.

Objective Youth with chronic illness are at higher risk for psychosocial difficulties, leading to a call for screening via patient-reported outcomes (PROs). The purpose of the current review is to summarize PRO implementation in pediatric medical specialty settings. A literature review of PRO implementation in these settings, conceptual issues, value and approach, legal and ethical concerns, as well as a case example of PROA in type 1 diabetes are presented. Methods A systematic review was conducted to identify relevant articles published since the most recent Journal of Pediatric Psychology Special Issue on Evidence-Based Assessment in Pediatric Psychology (2008). Results Thirty-two articles were identified and reviewed. The majority of studies reported that PROA was feasible, did not disrupt clinic flow, identified psychosocial issues warranting intervention, and was acceptable to families and providers. Response to elevated scores and impact on behavioral health referrals varied. Conclusion While many evidenced-based assessment measures are well-validated within pediatric chronic illness groups, the literature regarding implementation of PROs is still emerging. Research findings are promising, with PROs being feasible, acceptable, and leading to increased discussion of psychosocial issues when integrated into pediatric medical settings. Additional research is needed to evaluate the longitudinal impact of PROs and the optimal manner of responding to assessment data, particularly when clinically-elevated. Ultimately, identifying psychosocial issues in pediatric medical settings can promote optimal health and well-being of youth with chronic illness and their families.

Bullying among children and adolescents is recognized as a significant global public health problem, as it has serious health consequences. Schools are important sites in which to address violence prevention, specifically bullying prevention, and to promote positive youth development. The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion outlines five action points (building healthy public policy, creating supportive environments, strengthening community actions, developing personal skills, and reorienting health services) that should be considered when creating a positive school climate focused on health promotion. Using the position statements of school nurses and school psychologists, we outline their complementary roles in bullying prevention and intervention. In addition, because the global and national school health models call for building partnerships and enhancing communication among professionals within the schools and with the community to achieve health goals, we discuss how these two professional groups can work collaboratively to address bullying as a school health issue.

OBJECTIVE : To examine the classification accuracy of measures of overall psychopathology recommended for pediatric primary care screening.  METHOD : A systematic review identified relevant instruments described in the literature. Subsequent systematic reviews identified studies of sensitivity (SE) and specificity (SP) of each measure for various cutoffs and different criteria for disorder (e.g., caseness determined by structured interview, exceeding a cutoff score, referral for psychiatric evaluation).  RESULTS : Measures include the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC), Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Brief Infant-Toddler Social Emotional Assessment (BITSEA), and the Ages and Stages Questionnaire: Social-Emotional scale (ASQ:SE). For three measures (CBCL, PSC, and SDQ) studied extensively, achieving relatively high SE and SP values (≥ .70) simultaneously occurred in only 30-55% of the studies reviewed. There are relatively few studies of the ASQ:SE and BITSEA, or of relatively new measures.  DISCUSSION : Documented utility of these measures as screening instruments is limited.

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