Ideally, dental implants should achieve rapid and maintain long-term mechanical stability, which is determined primarily by their integration into the underlying supporting bone. [3] This osseointegration capacity can be markedly improved through modifications of key surface properties, including roughness, wettability, oxide layer thickness, and surface chemistry. [4][5][6] Currently, anodization, sandblasting and acid-etching are widely used, individually or in combination, to modify the surface properties of dental implants. However, not only are these methods inherently limited by their stochastic nature but they can also introduce surface contaminants, which require additional post-process cleaning steps that increase overall fabrication time and cost. [7] Laser-texturing has emerged as a promising alternative for the treatment of Ti implant surfaces, offering several advantages, including increased control, precision and reproducibility, while reducing processing time and costs. [8,9] Recently, laser-texturing has shown the capacity to direct osteoblast attachment [10] and to improve the osseointegration potential of Ti implant surfaces in comparison to polished surfaces, with the caveat that their performance in comparison to rougher, more clinically relevant surfaces, is still unknown. [11] Lasertexturing offers the capacity to easily generate a wide range of micro-and nano-scale topographical features and patterns. [12] In particular, due to its short pulse duration, femtosecond (fs)In modern oral maxillofacial surgery, long-term implant stability is intrinsically linked to the quality of osseointegration. While the osseointegration capacity of implants can be improved by modifying their surface properties, commonly used techniques, including sandblasting and acid etching, are stochastic processes offering virtually zero capacity to control the uniformity and reproducibility of micro-and nano-scale surface features. In this study, titanium-aluminiumvanadium (TiAlV) implant surfaces are modified using femtosecond (fs) lasertexturing, and its influence on physicochemical properties, on blood-implant interactions, and on the osseointegration potential is investigated in vitro. Lasertexturing enables the production of designer surfaces with micro-scale features defined in size and arrangement. While state of the art TiAlV surfaces prepared by sandblasting with biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) show significant grain refinement at the near surface, fs laser-texturing preserves the grain size and enhances the microstrain and oxide layer thickness but also leads to 15% lower bulk fatigue in comparison to BCP treatment. Blood coagulation is similar on laser-textured and BCP surfaces, as is mineralization by human bone progenitor cells, albeit with a decreasing trend for laser-textured surfaces. Laser-texturing thus presents as a promising approach to create highly reproducible designer surfaces with biological performance comparable to state-of-the-art implants.
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