Hemolytic anemia is a very important immune-mediated reaction, which its late diagnosis can be fatal. Medications along with other causes can induce hemolytic anemia. Drug induced immune hemolytic anemia (DIIHA) is caused by the development of autoantibodies. Accordingly, DIIHA is rare and there is not enough data for its prevalence. Number of drugs that can cause DIIHA have increased in recent decades. A 17-year-old man who had congenital single ventricle heart (CHB) and pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) was admitted at Imam Khomeini hospital complex affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences, with chief complaint of jaundice and icter. Bosentan and Tadalafil were in the list of the drugs used by this patient. Although both drugs were recommended to be discontinued in the patient, in the course of hospitalization, the patient accidentally continued to take his Tadalafil. However, the patient's recovery continued. Given that the patient's Coombs test was positive, his hemolytic anemia mechanism was drug-induced immune-mediated hemolytic anemia. As a result, according to Naranjo score = 6, Bosentan was considered as the main possible culprit to induce DIIHA in this patient. Following the discontinuation of Bosentan and receiving Prednisolone, the patient's clinical symptoms and laboratory parameters resolved and the patient was then discharged. Keywords Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia (DIIHA) . Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) . Bosentan . Hemolytic anemia . Congenital heart block (CHB) Abbreviations ALP Alkaline phosphatase ALT Alanine aminotransferase AST Aspartate aminotransferase BIL Bilirubin BP Blood pressure * Soha Namazi
The major goal of the present research is to investigate about the main changes in ownership percentage of institutional shareholders on the risk of firms' rewards in firms enlisted in Tehran Stock Exchange. Methodology: The statistical population for the present study is composed of firms enlisted in Tehran Stock Exchange during the years between 2008 and 2014 and the sample volume has been 118 firms regarding the screening method utilized. Results: In this research the changes in the percentage of ownership of institutional shareholders and main changes in the percentage of ownership of institutional shareholders were considered as the independent variables to study their effects on firm managers' rewards. On the other hand, the present study is post-incidental (quasi-experimental) type. This means that it was carried out based on analyzing previous and historical data (firms' financial statements). Also this research is based on panel data analysis. Conclusion: In this research using panel data with random effects, the results of analyzing the data in firms by using multiple variable regression in assurance level of %95, it has been shown that the percentage of institutional shareholders' ownership and major changes in the percentage of institutional shareholders' ownership have had a reverse and direct effect on managers' reward risk, respectively.
The major goal of the present research is to investigate about the main changes in ownership percentage of institutional shareholders on the risk of firms' rewards in firms enlisted in Tehran Stock Exchange. Methodology: The statistical population for the present study is composed of firms enlisted in Tehran Stock Exchange during the years between 2008 and 2014 and the sample volume has been 118 firms regarding the screening method utilized. In this research the changes in the percentage of ownership of institutional shareholders and main changes in the percentage of ownership of institutional shareholders were considered as the independent variables to study their effects on firm managers' rewards. On the other hand, the present study is post-incidental (quasi-experimental) type. Results: This means that it was carried out based on analyzing previous and historical data (firms' financial statements). Also this research is based on panel data analysis. Conclusion: In this research using panel data with random effects, the results of analyzing the data in firms by using multiple variable regression in assurance level of %95, it has been shown that the percentage of institutional shareholders' ownership and major changes in the percentage of institutional shareholders' ownership have had a reverse and direct effect on managers' reward risk, respectively.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.