The metabolic syndrome is described by the clustering of several risk factors for Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Lipid disorder, obesity, diabetes in general and high blood pressure are collectively defined as risk factors for cardiovascular disease triggered by metabolic syndrome. The metabolic syndromes have a correlation with the variations in genetic susceptibility, nutritional regiment, physical exercise, chronological age and gender which play direct role in the incidence of metabolic syndrome and its side effects. There are several definitions of Metabolic Syndrome in the World: World Health Organization's (WHO), The NCEP Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). It appears that the female type 2 diabetic patients need to change their life style to halt the burden of cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetic patients. Clinicians should significantly consider screening all people regardless of age for abnormalities in glucose level. Early treatment in people with abnormal glucose level constitutes a strategy of preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. Studies about metabolic syndrome have shown that females were more affected than males. This may be due to the specific characteristics in the lifestyle changes between females and males diabetic patients. Postmenopausal status might be a predictor of metabolic syndrome. Some related factors of metabolic syndrome among postmenopausal women may increase cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women.

<p>Rosela herbal (Hibiscus sabdariffa var. Sabdariffa L.) baru berkembang secara komersial di Indonesia sejak 2005 untuk makanan dan minuman kesehatan. Keunggulan rosela herbal terletak pada kandungan vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin B, dan bahan aktif (asam amino) seperti antosianin, gossypektine, glucoside hibiscin, dan flavonoid. Uji stabiltas hasil yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh beberapa genotipe unggul harapan rose-la herbal dilaksanakan di sembilan lokasi yakni Kabupaten: Malang, Blitar, Kediri, Situbondo, Grobogan, Ken-dal, dan Pati selama tiga tahun yakni dari tahun 2009–2012. Pada uji ini digunakan 10 genotipe rosela herbal yang ditanam pada petak berukuran 45 m2 (120 tan./plot). Pengujian ini menggunakan rancangan acak ke-lompok dengan 3 ulangan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah kapsul per tanaman, bo-bot 100 kelopak kering, hasil kapsul segar, kelopak segar, dan kelopak kering per ha. Analisa kandungan nu-trisi terhadap kelopak bunga rosela dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kimia (MIPA) Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Malang. Pendugaan interaksi genotipe dengan lingkungan dilakukan dengan analisis gabungan semua lokasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa genotipe 455 (hijau), 1575 (merah), 1596 (ungu), dan 678-U (ungu) memiliki potensi hasil kelopak kering dan kandungan nutrisi yang tinggi de-ngan daya adaptasi luas. Potensi produksi kelopak kering genotipe-genotipe tersebut berturut-turut adalah: 544,98 kg; 478,60 kg; 554,73 kg; dan 471,46 kg per ha dengan kandungan vit. C/antosianin (mg/100 g ke-lopak kering): 345,40 mg/1,442 mg; 2.033,52 mg/14,697 mg; 188,00 mg/0,003 mg; 988,68 mg/9,814 mg.</p><p> </p><p>Herb roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa var. Sabdariffa L.) is commercially planted in Indonesia since 2005 for the food and beverage health. Roselle herbal contents C, A, and B vitamins and other active ingredients (amino acids) as anthocyanin, gossypectine, hibiscin glucoside, and flavonoids. Stabilty trials results aimed to obtain superior genotypes of roselle herbs were conducted at nine locations (districts) namely: Malang, Blitar, Kediri, Situbondo, Grobogan, Kendal, and Pati for three years (2009–2012). Ten roselle herbs genotypes were tested in this experiment, planted in 45 m2 plots (120 plants/plot). The research was arranged in randomized block design with three replications. Parameters observed were: plant height, number of capsules per plant, dry weight of 100 calyx, weight of fresh capsules, fresh calyxs, and dried calyx per ha. Analysis of nutrient contents of roselle calyx was conducted at the Laboratory of Chemistry (MIPA) State Islamic University (UIN) Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Malang. Estimation of genotype by environment interaction is done by combined analysis of data from all locations. Experimental results showed that genotypes 455 (green), 1575 (red), 1596 (purple), and 678-N (purple) have the potential of dried calyx and high nutrient content with wide adaptability, with dried calyx production potency is: 544.98 kg, 478.60 kg, 554.73 kg, and 471.46 kg per ha respectively. The content of vitamin C/anthocyanins (mg/100 g dried calyx) are: 345.40 mg/1.442 mg, 2,033.52 mg/14.697 mg, 188.00 mg/0.003 mg, and 988.68 mg/9.814 mg respectively.</p>

A full diallel cross is confirmed to be able to advocate kenaf breeders to select breeding materials, such as inbred lines that produce the best combination with heterosis properties. The results of this study provided information about general combining abilities (GCA) of parents, specific combining ability (SCA), as well as heterosis values. This study aims to estimate the combining abilities and heterosis values of root-knot nematodes in kenaf originated from the full diallel cross. Semi-field research was conducted in an experimental garden located at Karangploso Balittas, from November 2018 to January 2019. The variance of GCA values was higher than SCA values for the number of root knot, reproductive factors, and number of egg mass. In contrast, the variance of GCA values was lower than SCA values for the number of second-stage juvenile (J2) and the number of egg per egg mass characters. KR4, K45, and KR15 genotypes indicated negative GCA values on all characters tested. Meanwhile, KR1, Kin2 and DS028 genotypes signified susceptibility with a positive GCA value. The crossbreeding combinations showed negative SCA values on the number of second-stage juvenile, the number of egg mass and the number of egg per egg mass characters of resistance to root-knot nematodes (M. incognita), i.e. KR6 x DS028. KR4, KR5 and KR15 genotipe was quite consistent with negative GCA and SCA values, as well as heterosis values for characters of resistance to root-knot nematodes on kenaf roots on the number of second-stage juvenile (J2), the number of egg mass and the number of egg per egg mass characters tested. Genotype of KR4 x KR5 and its reciprocal have negative heterobeltiosis values on number of second-stage juvenile, egg mass, and the number of eggs per egg mass evaluated characters

No abstract