The Space Technology 7 Disturbance Reduction System (ST7-DRS) is a NASA technology demonstration payload that operated from January 2016 through July of 2017 on the European Space Agency's LISA Pathfinder spacecraft. The joint goal of the NASA and ESA missions was to validate key technologies for a future space-based gravitational wave observatory targeting the source-rich milliHertz band. The two primary components of ST7-DRS are a micropropulsion system based on colloidal micro-Newton thrusters (CMNTs) and a control system that simultaneously controls the attitude and position of the spacecraft and the two free-flying test masses (TMs). This paper presents our main experimental results and summarizes the overall the performance of the CMNTs and control laws. We find that the CMNT performance to be consistent with pre-flight predictions, with a measured system thrust noise on the order of 100 nN/ √ Hz in the 1 mHz ≤ f ≤ 30 mHz band. The control system maintained the TM-spacecraft separation with an RMS error of less than 2 nm and a noise spectral density of less than 3 nm/ √ Hz in the same band. Thruster calibration measurements yield thrust values consistent with the performance model and ground-based thrust-stand measurements, to within a few percent. We also report a differential acceleration noise between the two test masses with a spectral density of roughly 3 fm/s 2 / √ Hz in the 1 mHz ≤ f ≤ 30 mHz band, slightly less than twice as large as the best performance reported with the baseline LISA Pathfinder configuration and below the current requirements for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission.

Sexual Size Dimorphism (SSD) was investigated in the millipede genus Chersastus. Mass, length and width were used to compare intraspecific variation in four species. Interspecific variation in volume was calculated in 18 species and an allometric coefficient of 0.85 found, which corroborates Rensch's rule in this genus.

Millipedes illustrate reversed sexual size dimorphism (SSD) as females are larger than males. SSD was calculated in 18 species of the genus Centrobolus and illustrated as a regression. The approximate relative position of C. inscriptus is shown. The size of C. inscriptus was 2245mm 3 : 1841 mm 3 : (females: males; n=88) and logged (x = 3.351216; y = 3.265054) and plotted. The mean volume ratio for C. inscriptus was 1.219446. Sexual size dimorphism was visible with the naked eye.

Millipedes have determinate growth and adult body sizes are fixed. In the sexually size dimorphic genus Centrobolus intergenerational sexual differences in body size was examined in a population of C. inscriptus. Millipedes were measured with minimum measurement error and volumetric body size calculated according to l.π.r 2 . Four male and five female stadia were detected in the population and figured. One evolutionary explanation for the extra female stage is fecundity selection for larger female size. This is preliminary evidence for sexual bimaturism in arthropods.

Copulation duration, re-mating interval, and ejaculate volume (disintegrations per minute of H 3+ ) was analyzed in the millipede Chersastus inscriptus. Re-mating interval negatively related to second duration (y = 36 + 0.01x) and relative ejaculate volume increased from 21% to 77% in favor of second males after 24h intervals.