Sphincter preservation is feasible in more than 75% of patients with tumors < or = 8 cm from the anal verge after preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Sphincter-sparing surgery with distal margins < or = 1 cm can be used without adversely influencing local recurrence or DFS. Limited radial margins (< or = 3 mm), however, are associated with increased disease recurrence.

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The diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer continue to improve although most patients will succumb to their disease. Novel methods of earlier detection and more effective systemic therapies are needed to significantly improve outcomes.

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