Both mitigation and adaptation are vital to address climate change. Adaptation reduces impacts and risks by making systems less vulnerable to climate change, while mitigation strategies limit climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions or removing these gases from the atmosphere. The focus of this thesis is on mitigation. The mitigation strategies would need to result in climate actions which can be understood as the 'choices and behaviour of international organisations, governments, civil society, businesses, and individuals' (Tosun, 2022). An important milestone in this context was the establishment of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in which national governments jointly agreed to mitigate emissions to avoid "dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system" (UNFCCC, 1992). Although climate change is a process that takes place at the global scale, mitigation measures need to be taken locally. This makes both domestic action and international cooperation necessary. Countries need to rely on the actions of other countries, for example in terms of reducing emissions, technology development, and economic impacts. In addition, climate actions from business, cities, and regions are vital for on the ground implementation.The 2015 Paris Agreement presented a critical step in international climate policy. It included an agreement on a concrete and ambitious long-term climate goal and called for national contributions to mitigation, adaptation and finance, and for setting up a monitoring process to track progress towards the long-term goals. The Paris Agreement was a result of a process that started with the 1992 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) that defined the contours of the process, and that has resulted in several agreements, including