Support of Restoration and Species Recovery F01. Migration and Wintering Ecology of the Aransas-Wood Buffalo Population of Whooping Cranes F02. Demography of Black-Footed and Laysan Albatross-Vital Rates in Support of the Surrogate Species Approach to Strategic Habitat Conservation F03. Yellow-Billed Cuckoo Distribution and Habitat Use in Arizona F04. Tracking of Colonial Wading Birds and Habitat Use Assessment F05. Coordination for Research on California Condors F06. Determining Optimal Elevation for Restoration of an Island Used by Rare Colonial Nesting Waterbirds F07. Adapting to Climate Change-Trends and Severe Storm Responses by Migratory Landbirds and Their Habitats F08. Avian Community Change Across Time, Elevations, and Latitudes F09. Wildlife Species of Management Concern in the Arctic F10. Gulf of Mexico Marine Assessment Program for Protected Species F11. Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing Support-Gulf Coast Joint Venture F12. Habitat Selection in an Arctic Shorebird-Implications for Climate Change F13. U.S. Geological Survey Alaska Region and Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Outer Continental Shelf Program F14. Changes in Avian and Plant Community Composition and Structure After Prescribed Thinning in Pinyon-Juniper Woodlands. F15. Decision Support for Restoration and Management of U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service-Owned Native Prairies-Implications for Grassland Bird Communities F16. Wisconsin's Wildlife and a Changing Climate F17. Restoration of Common Loons in Minnesota F18. Conservation of the Kirtland's Warbler F19. Investigations of Whooping Crane Colts in the Eastern Migratory Population F20. Strategies for Reducing the Vulnerability of Grassland Birds to Climate Change within the Central Flyway F21. Diets of Wild and Reintroduced Whooping Cranes F23. Barred Owl Effects on Northern Spotted Owls F24. Ecology of the Endangered Nordmann's Greenshank F25. Birdsbesafe-Is a Novel Cat Collar More Effective at Stopping Domestic Cats from Killing Birds at Higher Latitudes? F26. Trophic Consequences of a Recovering Apex Predator F27. Restoration of Wetland Invertebrates to Improve Wildlife Habitat in Minnesota F28. Using Stakeholder Preferences to Inform Continental-Scale Waterfowl and Wetlands Management for Hunting and Recreation 8 U.S. Geological Survey Migratory Bird Science, 2020-21 Project Narratives Migration and Nonbreeding Ecology A01. Migration and Wintering Ecology in the San Francisco Bay-Delta and Pacific Flyway Waterbirds such as shorebirds, waders, and ducks depend on healthy and productive estuaries to "fuel up" for long distance migrations along the Pacific Flyway. Estuarine ecosystems include a mosaic of managed, natural, and restored wetlands and provide critical stopover and wintering areas for federally protected migratory bird species. The purpose of this project is to encompass studies of habitat use, foraging ecology, migratory connectivity, and avian bioenergetics in California's San Francisco Bay-Delta and across the Pacific Flyway. Components of this project include...

Animals that migrate across land face unique challenges because their migratory paths often cross or are interrupted by roadways and other human developments. Not only does this development impede or alter migration routes, but in the case of road crossings, it also can be a dangerous situation for animals and humans. USGS scientists are working with Federal, State, and private entities to provide solutions and mitigate these roadway hazards. For small animals, human developments can be an even bigger challenge, limiting seasonal movements to reach critical habitat for breeding. The USGS is improving our understanding of how certain species are connected across the landscape at different times of the year and is developing strategies that provide options for safe migration routes that avoid barriers to movement.