Background: The CoVid-19 pandemic has impacted many aspects of everyday life, including the (mental) health care system. An increase in depression and anxiety symptoms has been reported worldwide, which is particularly pronounced in females and young people. We aimed at evaluating changes in patient rates of those receiving psychopharmacological medication, often used in treating depression and anxiety. Method: Based on data of the Austrian public health insurance institutions, we conducted an interrupted time series analysis of antidepressants, antipsychotics and benzodiazepines comparing patient rate developments before and throughout the Covid19 pandemic (2013 to 2021), with a special focus on adolescents in comparison to the general population. Age- and sex specific ARIMA models were fitted to the pre Corona period (2013 Q1 – 2020 Q2), used to generate forecasts for the period from 2020 Q3 to 2021 Q4 and then compared to observed developments in the same period to assess significant deviations from the forecasted expactable development paths. Results: A significant excess of patients receiving antidepressants both among male and female adolescents (10-14 and 15-19 years) in comparison to the expectable development path was found in most of the evaluated period (2020 Q3 – 2021 Q4), while the general population was found to be mostly within 97.5% confidence bands of the forecasts. With regards to antipsychotics, the interrupted time series analysis showed a significant excess of patients in the group of female adolescents in almost all quarters, which was especially pronounced in the age group 15-19. Antipsychotics patient rates within the general population only showed significant excess in two quarters. No significant uptake beyond the expactable development paths were found in regard to prescriptions of benzodiazepines in any group. Conclusion: Increased rates of patients receiving antidepressants and antipsychotics, which were especially pronounced in female adolescents, echo epidemiological evidence from multiple studies worldwide reporting an increase in depression and anxiety. Whereas the increasing rates of adolescent patients receiving antidepressants correspond with the use of this medication class as proposed in treatment guidelines for the respective disorders, the increased patient rates in antipsychotics might be understood as a signal for the off-label use of these compounds.
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