The present study evaluated the incorporation of 5, 7.5, and 10% of Riesling skin flour (RSF) and Tannat skin flour (TSF) as wheat flour replacement in muffins. The flour was evaluated for gluten content and Alveograph parameters. The finished products were evaluated for chemical composition and technological properties, and a sensory analysis was performed. All samples presented higher dietary fiber content than wheat flour, and this was mainly in the form of soluble dietary fiber. The inclusion of grape skin flour decreased the lightness of the flour and increased the lightness values (L*) of the muffin crumbs and crusts. The hardness of the muffins that incorporated RSF and TSF muffins increased as the percentage of the skin flour increased. There was a decrease in the cohesiveness value as the skin flour percentage increased. Consumers did not perceive the levels of substitution. The results of the sensory analysis indicated that grape skin can be added to the ingredients of muffins without changing the color, taste, flavor, texture, and overall acceptability of the final product.

Palavras-chave: Solanum tuberosum, metabissulfito de sódio, branqueamento, ácido ascórbico, análise sensorial, produtos inovadores. ABSTRACT Minimal processing of potato tubers with low commercial valueDifferent methods of browning control were evaluated for potato tubers with low commercial value to the fresh market and to increase the shelf life period of the minimal processed product. A tuber blend of two potato cultivars, with diameters between 30 and 45 mm and low commercial value to the fresh market, was minimally processed. Tubers were immersed in the treatment solutions of sodium metabisulfite, ascorbic acid and bleaching. Treated tubers were packaged and stored at 5°C for evaluations. The evaluations were pH, titratable acidity, vitamin C, color, appearance, texture, taste and purchase intention at 0, 5, 10, and 15 days of storage. The results of appearance, flavor and texture varied from acceptable to intermediate values and they were in agreement with the heterogeneity of the processed tubers. Potato tubers with low commercial value to the fresh market are suitable for the elaboration of minimal processed products of good acceptance until the fifth day of storage at 5 o C. The treatment with sodium metabisulfite is required to keep a desirable shelf life period.

Metáfases mitóticas e núcleos interfásicos foram analisados em cinco espécies ornamentais da ordem Liliales Lilium longiflorum (2n = 2x = 24). Hemerocallis flava (2n=2x=22) e Hemerocallis fulva var. Kwanso (2n = 3x = 33) pertencem a família Liliaceae. Crinum crispum (2n = 2x = 22) e Hippeastrum parodii (2n = 4x = 44) pertencem a familia Amaryllidaceae. As diferenças observadas entre as espécies foram: número de cromossomos metacêntricos, submetacêntricos, subtelocêntricos e telocêntricos; número e posição das constrições secundárias; tamanho dos cromossomos; comprimento total dos cromossomos; número máximo de nucléolos por núcleo interfásico e porcentagem de nucléolos fusionados.

RESUMO Com a finalidade de obter informações básicas sobre biologia floral das espécies: C. brasilianum (L.) Benth., C. Virginianum (L) Benth., C. shottii (Mill.) K. Sch. e C. pascuorum (Mart.) Benth., foram estudados comparativamente três parâmetros biológicos: número de óvulos por ovário, sementes por vagem que chegaram à maturidade e grãos de pólen viáveis. Os dados foram coletados no Campo Experimental do Instituto de Genética da ESALQ/USP - Piracicaba, SP e no Jardim Botânico do Departamento de Biologia da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) - Santa Maria, RS. As diferenças ocorridas nos parâmetros analisados mostram, de uma certa forma, a individualidade comportamental de cada espécie, decorrente de uma sensibilidade e variabilidade específicas. Todas as espécies estudadas tiveram uma produção de óvulos férteis acima de 78% e pólen viável acima de 95%. que refletiu uma elevada porcentagem de sementes viáveis (com exceção de C. shottii e C. pascuorum - Santa Maria, RS), garantindo desta forma a perpetuação da espécie.