Calidad de vida relacionada a la salud bucal en niños peruanos con caries de infancia temprana severaOral health-related quality of life in peruvian children with severe early childhood caries Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal em crianças peruanas com cárie grave na primeira infância
Introducción: Durante el tratamiento odontopediátrico, muchas veces no se considera que el miedo y la ansiedad de los padres puedan condicionar un determinado comportamiento del paciente. Objetivo: Relacionar el miedo y la ansiedad de los padres con el comportamiento infantil durante el tratamiento endodóntico en niños de 3 a 6 años atendidos en el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño en el año 2020. Materiales y métodos: Estudio analítico y transversal, en una muestra de 325 pacientes niños entre 3 a 6 años y 325 padres. Se utilizó una ficha de recolección de datos donde se recopilaron los datos de filiación y dos instrumentos fiables: El cuestionario de miedos dentales y La escala de ansiedad de Corah, ambas fueron aplicadas a los padres. A los niños se les realizó un tratamiento endodóntico previo diagnóstico definitivo y consentimiento informado de los padres y se evaluó la conducta con la escala de Frankl. Resultados: La mayoría fueron niños de 5 años (29,8%), de sexo masculino (52%). Los padres presentaron medio o elevado miedo dental (82,2%), presentaron baja ansiedad (44%). Existe una relación inversa entre el miedo y la ansiedad de los padres con el comportamiento infantil durante el tratamiento endodóntico en niños de 3 a 6 años. Conclusión: La ansiedad y miedo dental que experimentan los padres influye negativamente en la colaboración de los niños durante el tratamiento endodóntico.
Background: Dental anxiety is a source of problems in the dental treatment that can lead to dental avoidance. Objective: Determine and compare the factors associated with dental anxiety in Peruvian parents. Material and Methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out. The sample consisted of children from 3 to 6 years old and their companions, who attended the Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño in Lima, Peru. The Corah anxiety scale, the dental fear questionnaire and the Frankl scale were used to assess anxiety, parental dental fear, and children's collaboration. The following variables were also evaluated: negative dental experience, treated tooth and treatment of the children. Chi-square statistical tests, Mann-Whitney U and the binary logistic regression model were used. Results: The sample consisted of 325 children and their companions. An association was found between gender (OR = 2.456; 95% CI: 1.037 - 5.818), child collaboration (OR = 0.044; 95% CI: 0.044 - 0.543) and maternal anxiety (p<0.05). Furthermore, there was an association between dental fear (OR = 3.569; 95% CI: 1.136 - 11.218), child collaboration (OR = 0.023; 95% CI: 0.003 - 0.172) and paternal anxiety (p<0.05). Conclusion: The factor associated with maternal dental anxiety was the sex of the child, and on the father’s side, it was the dental fear experienced by them. Moreover, the component affiliated with both parents was the child's collaboration.
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