Objectives/Hypothesis: To compare the hemostatic effects of commonly used concentrations of topical epinephrine in tympanoplasty.Study Design: Prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Methods: Patients undergoing tympanoplasty were randomized to receive topical epinephrine at 1:1,000 or 1:10,000. With the investigators blinded, hemostasis was assessed with a modified Boezaart scale. Vasoconstriction was measured by laser Doppler. Blood pressure and pulse were tracked.Results: Thirty patients, 4 to 84 years old, were studied, with 15 patients per group. Boezaart scores dropped a mean of

SummaryMosses have long served as models for studying many areas of plant biology. Investigators have used two-dimensional measurements of juvenile growth from photographs as a surrogate for dry-weight biomass. The relationship between area and biomass, however, has not been critically evaluated.Here we grew axenic tissue cultures of ten Ceratodon purpureus isolates to study the relationship between these parameters. We measured area and biomass on replicate cultures with two distinct starting inoculum sizes each week for three weeks and examined the correlation between area and biomass as well as the influence of variation in inoculum size on both parameters.We found a strong correlation between area and biomass after two weeks of growth. Furthermore, we found inoculum size affected biomass during the first week of growth but not subsequent weeks and inoculum size had no detectible effect on area.These analyses provide experimental confirmation that area is a suitable proxy for biomass and provide clear guidelines for when inoculum size variation may affect downstream growth estimates.

No abstract

Intravagal parathyroid adenomas remain an exceedingly rare diagnosis; however, their true incidence may be higher than currently known. It is important to keep intravagal sites within the list of potential ectopic locations of parathyroid adenomas.

Background Recent literature shows that tumor volume (TV) in T3 laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is associated with response to radiation therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of TV on survival outcomes in patients undergoing total laryngectomy (TL). Methods One hundred and seventeen patients with LSCC undergoing TL between 2013 and 2020 at the University of Florida were included. TV was measured using a previously validated method on preoperative‐CT scans. Multivariable CoxPH models for overall survival (OS) and disease‐specific survival (DSS), metastasis‐free survival (MFS), and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) were developed with TV. Results Mean age was 61.5 years and 81.2% were male. Higher TV was associated with decreased OS, MFS, DSS, and RFS with adjusted hazard ratios 1.02 (95%CI: 1.01, 1.03), 1.01, (95%CI: 1.00, 1.03), 1.03 (95%CI: 1.01, 1.06), and 1.02 (95%CI: 1.00, 1.03) respectively. TV >7.1 cc had worse prognoses. Conclusions TV appears associated with decreased survival in LSCC treated with TL.