The newest generation of production logging tools consists of multiple sensors in multiple locations around the wellbore that incorporate 12 resistivity and capacitance probes and six spinners. The capacitance array tool (CAT™) determines the water, oil, and gas holdup in the wellbore. The resistivity array tool (RAT™) determines the holdup of hydrocarbons and water. Likewise, the spinner array tool (SAT™) consists of six bowspring mounted micro-spinners that enable the measurement of the velocity profile. These new tools provide a detailed examination of the flowing fluids in all types of wells, including highly deviated and horizontal wellbores, that is not available with the traditional center sample tools because of the wellbore conditions, especially with fluid segregation. With these 30 measurements, a system of quality control and processing was developed to enable both experienced and non-experienced engineers to determine whether or not the data was correct and valid. A quick analysis tool was developed to enable the field engineer and company representative to enter raw values from the two holdup devices and calibration values, and to determine the holdups from the two sensors. Similarly, entering the raw spinner counts, cable speed, and estimated spinner slopes into the quick analysis tool will provide an estimate of the velocity profile for the SAT spinners and the other spinners that are run. This quick analysis tool graphically shows the holdups and velocity in an easy-to-understand presentation for people who are not production logging (PL) experts. After the raw data in the field is validated, a complete analysis is provided. This analysis includes horizontal, vertical, and 3D images of holdup and velocity profiles; continuous displays of flow profiles; and a complete flow analysis consisting of the split of oil, gas, and water rates at both downhole and surface conditions. This PL data can be presented in standard log formats, spreadsheets, and other methods as needed. This process can be modified by either the service company or customer. Several examples are provided that show the capabilities of the new logging tools and the interpretation method used to determine the results. Introduction Phase segregation occurs in many wells, including those with little deviation from vertical; the lighter phases migrate to the high side of the wellbore, and the heavier phases migrate to the low side. In highly deviated and horizontal wellbores, traditional PL sensors, which are center sample tools or have single point measurements, may not provide the most accurate data as a result of the wellbore and well flowing conditions. These PL tools measure fluid properties, such as velocity, density, capacitance, temperature, and pressure. Tool position, or more accurately sensor position, may lead to incorrect interpretations regarding the flow environment of the well. New PL tools have been developed to help address the issues in deviated or horizontal wells. These new tools include two types of holdup measurements, capacitance and resistivity, as well as multiple velocity measurements. These new tools will be referred to as Production Array Logs (PAL) to distinguish them from the standard PL logs. These tools provide a relative bearing measurement that enables the location of each sensor to be determined. The velocity tool also includes an inclination measurement to aid in the analysis of the PAL data. The holdup tools have 12 measurement probes, and the velocity tool has six spinners. These tools, when run in conjunction with the standard tool string, provide multiple measurements around the entire wellbore. The interpretation of each tool individually is complex and, when combined with the other PAL measurements, the complexity increases dramatically. A new interpretation process was developed that combines the benefits of the newer sensors and addresses problems caused by the deviated and horizontal wellbores in the standard PL interpretation procedures.
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