(1) Background: The Differential Susceptibility to Media Effects Model (DSMM) suggests that pornography use effects are conditional and they depend on dispositional, developmental, and social differential susceptibility variables. This framework also highlights that the differential susceptibility variables act as predictors of pornography use and as moderators of the effect of pornography on criterion variables. (2) Methods: By administering a survey to n = 1500 adolescents, we tested whether these assumptions were met. (3) Results: Pornography use was related to being male and older, having a bisexual or undefined sexual orientation, higher substance use, being non-Muslim, and reporting sexual interest and the use of the media to obtain sexual information. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) showed that higher levels in the criterion variables were directly related to pornography use, older age, substance use, and being women. Some mediational links also emerged. Pornography use mediated between the age and criterion variables. Moreover, substance use mediated the association between age and gender with the criterion variables. (4) Conclusions: Our findings support the clinical applicability of the theoretical DSMM framework. Knowing adolescent pornography consumers’ profiles and the impact of pornography on this population would allow for the designing of more effective prevention and regulation proposals.
The outbreak and the quick expansion of SARS-CoV-2, from December 2019 to today, has forced countries around the world to resolve virus containment measures in order to slow down the contagion curve. Between these measures, the situation of lockdown, and the isolation or limitation of social contact between the citizens, there has been an unknown psychological impact. Certain groups (the elderly, children and teenagers, and the clinical population, for instance) arouse serious fears among professionals due to their greater vulnerability and ignorance regarding the short- and long-term consequences. The main purposes of this work are first of all to evaluate the consequences of the lockdown in children and teenagers diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), sleep-related problems, and problems with executive functions. Secondly, we aim to compare the effects produced with respect to the previously mentioned variables with normotypic subjects; that is to say, between a group that was subject to lockdown and another group that was not confined. The findings show that the clinic confined group had high levels of state anxiety and problems with sleep and executive functions; differences could also be seen between the two groups, with the confined ADHD group being more negatively affected in all measured variables.
Objectives: Epidemiological issues have an special interest among gerontopsychiaty, because of the high prevalence of mental disorders and the increasing average age of the population. According to the National Statistic Institute in Spain, in 2002 almost 7 million of the people were over 65 years old and in 2020 there is expected to be 8 million of elder people. This question associated with the decrease of birthrate, will bring about a rise in the absolut number of elder people with a mental disorder. Our main objective in this work is to study the sociodemographil profile of inpatients over 60years old in a short stay unit. Methods: This is a prospective, descriptive study. We have collected sociodemographical and clinical characteristics of people over 60 years old that entered short stay units of two hospitals in Vizcaya, Spain, during one year. Patients with dementia were excluded. Results: 60 patients entered the units. The average age was 71,2 (7,26). Education; illiterate 6,6%; just read and write 46,6%; primary/elementary education 38,3%; secondary education 3,33% and higher education 5%. Marital status: single 10%; married 51,6%; divorced 8,3%; widow/er 30%. Family life: 31,6% alone; 28,33% with a paretner; 21,66% with a partner and some else; 13,33%, with their children with a partner; 3,33% old people´s home.Social relationship: 5% without any relation; 25% family and neighbours; 31,6% family, neigbours and frienda; 3,33% people in the old people´s home. Conclusions: It is assumed to be important to know the characteristics of this people to guarantee an optimum assistance.
Objective:Evaluate the sex differences in first episode psychosis.Methods and material:We present an open prospective and muti – center study with a follow – up of 2 years in patients with a first psychoses episode. The patients were treated with risperidone and assessments were made in the first month and then every three months for 2 year. Therefore, we used a protocol including the following scales: PANSS, Global Assessment of Functioning scale (GAF-EEAG), CGI, Young mania rating scale, Hamilton scale for the depression, UKU, OCS, Premorbid Adjustment scale (Cannon-Spoor), the Information Subtest (WAIS) and Psychosocial Stress Global Assessment (DSM III R).Results:231 patients were included (32.5% women). Males have consistently an earlier onset even after controlling the cofounding factors and poorer premorbid functioning. Women have a shorter DUP, and they are more likely to be married than men and to live with their couples or children. Women have also better adherence to treatment than men. Males don't show differences in negative, positive symptoms or cognitive deficits. There was no difference between the sexes in the dose of the prescribed antipsychotic. There are no clear sex differences in family history and obstetric complications. Sex doesn't have influence on the course of illness in middle-term (2 years).Conclusion:This paper supports the presence of significant differences between schizophrenic males and women, but there aren't differences in the outcome of the disease.
Objectives: Mental care of elder people has became very important in the last decades because of the development of gerontopsychiatry as an specialized area. The aim of our proyect is to study the first admission in people over 60 years old in a psychiatric hospital. Methods: This is a descriptive, retrospective study. There are analyzed clinical features of the first hospitalization of people over 60 that entered the hospital of zamudio during one year. Results: 65 people over 60 years old were admitted in the hospital for the first time. The main diagnoses were dementia (35%), bipolar disorder (35%) and psychotic disorders (24%). We didn´t find a relation neither between the days of hospitalization and the destination when release (t=-0,0503; p=0,617); nor between the days of hospitalizations and the diagnoses (ANOVA; F=0,17; p=0,841). In the other hand, there is a statistical signification between diagnoses and derivation when release, resulting that 60% of patients that went to asiles suffered from dementia (Fisher´s exact test, p=0.012) Conclusions: There is more evidence that some kinds of illness that start when people are old appeared to have different characteristics and probably a diverse ethiology. To resituate elder people when release depends on both psychological and social factors.
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