Purpose To study the treatment efficacy of hyaluronic acid 0.3%, cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12), electrolytes, and P-Plus in menopausal patients with moderate dry eye disease. Methods Thirty female patients of mean age 53.06 ± 5.20 years (45–65) were enrolled in this prospective longitudinal study. Meibomian gland loss assessment was determined using a scale with four levels. The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, phenol red thread (PRT) test, and tear film break-up time (TFBUT) were also completed by the patients. Tear eye drops were formulated with 0.3 g of sodium hyaluronate, P-Plus ™, vitamin B12, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, and SCO® (stabilized complex oxychloride). After 30 days, the patients were re-evaluated. Results The mean meibomian gland loss percentage was 37.97 ± 19.02 % (7.20 to 88.30%). Before treatment, the OSDI was 22.53 ± 14.03 score points (6.25 to 77.08). Posterior OSDI decreased to 16.26 ± 13.69 score points (0.00 to 70.83) (W = 58.00, P < 0.01). Before treatment, PRT was 10.31 ± 4.48 mm (4.00 to 21.00). Posterior PRT increased to 15.41 ± 6.27 mm (4.00 to 21.00) (W = 1520.50, P < 0.01). Before treatment, TFBUT was 6.23 ± 1.75 s (3.00 to 9.00). The posterior TFBUT increased to 8.10 ± 2.06 s (4.00 to 14.00) (W= 1382.50, P < 0.01). Conclusion The hyaluronic acid 0.3% and vitamin B12 eye drops effectively decreased dry eye symptoms in menopausal women and improved tear stability and volume.

Purpose To determine whether patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), without any sign of diabetic retinopathy, have any alteration in Contrast Sensitivity Function (CSF), in relation to patients without this disease, and whether CSF assessment in three different light conditions can be an effective test in the early detection of diabetic retinopathy. Methods A prospective, cross-sectional, case-control study was preformed including 80 patients (40 with T1DM without diabetic retinopathy and 40 controls) between 11 and 47 years old. CSF was assessed at four spatial frequencies (3, 6, 12 and 18 cycles/degree) using the CSV-1000E test, under three light conditions: high (550 lx), medium (200 lx) and low (< 2 lx). Results A lower CSF in the T1DM group was found at the three light conditions studied. The most spatial frequency affected was 18 cpd, 0.08 log units (p = 0.048) in high, 0.10 log units (p = 0.010) in medium (p = 0.010) and 0.16 log units (p < 0.001) in low-light conditions in mean CS values. The least spatial frequency affected was 3 cpd (p > 0.05 in all three light conditions). Conclusion Patients with T1DM, without diabetic retinopathy, presented a loss of CS to sine-wave gratings, with respect to people with the same characteristics without the disease, mainly at medium and high frequencies, and in medium and low-light conditions.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of contact lenses with blue light filters on contrast sensitivity and any alteration in tear quantity and quality. Methods: This prospective longitudinal pilot study required three visits by each participant. Monocular visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, phenol red thread test, and tear breakup time were measured at each visit. Results: There were significant differences in logarithmic contrast sensitivity between the groups. The breakup time (BUT) was significantly lower after using video display terminals than before (P,0.05). No differences in BUT were found between groups video display terminals and contact lenses having the blue filter (P.0.05). However, higher mean values were observed in the group after video display terminal use with contact lenses having the blue filter than that with standard contact lenses (P.0.05 in both groups). Furthermore, the mean value of phenol red thread test on the group after video display terminal use with contact lenses having the blue filter was lower than the group before its use (P.0.05). Conclusion:The results establish a possible relationship between tear stability, improved contrast sensitivity, and the use of a blue filter in contact lenses.

Este CIMA se lleva a cabo en la asignatura Contactología II durante el segundo cuatrimestre del curso 2020-21. La duración fue de 12 horas (8 clases) en las que se desarrollan los siguientes contenidos: (1) Adaptación/post-adaptación de len- tes de contacto de hidrogel-silicona, (2) lentes de contacto terapéuticas y (3) sis- temas de limpieza/desinfección. Las clases han sido seguidas por los alumnos/ as a través de la plataforma virtual Blackboard Collaborate mayoritariamente, lo cual ha sido un gran impedimento. Las líneas metodológicas seguidas han sido el aprendizaje basado en problemas y la clase invertida adaptativa. A parir de la valoración de los cuestionarios parece claro que el trabajo dialogado en clase de los conceptos teóricos ha favorecido el aprendizaje, sin embargo, en el caso de los conceptos más procedimentales, si bien hay una parte que demuestra haber adquirido un buen nivel de conocimientos con el trabajo en clase, no es algo ge- neralizado, pues se requiere un mayor esfuerzo personal por parte de los/as es- tudiantes. La evaluación general ha sido buena, con mejor valoración de aspectos como, «la motivación para la participación», «nivel de conocimientos de la profe- sora» y «la aplicación práctica / profesional de los contenidos». Palabras clave: Contactología II, docencia universitaria, experimentación do- cente universitaria, óptica y optometría.

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