Appropriate management of energy sources is one of the basic undertakings in the energy sector. Climate policy changes and the development of technologies enabling the acquisition of energy in a way to reduce the negative impact on the natural environment lead to diversity in the structure of the energy sources being used. Therefore, it is important to assess the impact of these changes on the development of energy sectors by particular countries. The article contains the analysis of various energy sources utilization by European Union (EU) countries and the assessment of the energy production sector potential, and the development of this potential in relation to changes in the energy sources structure. For this purpose, a multidimensional comparative analysis was used. The data for the analysis are derived from the Eurostat database for the years 2017 and 2019 for 28 EU countries and they concern the use of energy sources such as combustible fuels, coal and manufactured gases, natural gas, oil and petroleum products (excluding biofuel portion), hydro/hydropower, wind power, solar photovoltaic, nuclear fuels and other fuels n.e.c. As a result of the research, it was proved that in most EU countries the changes introduced in the structure of the use of various energy sources, according to EU climate policy, have a positive impact on the development of particular energy sectors.

The metal industry is an important part of industrialized economies. It is not possible to imagine the development of such sectors as construction, automotive, or household appliance production without products of the metal sector. Moreover, metals are renewable raw materials, which is especially important for sustainable development. The main objective of the paper is to present management trends in metal market enterprises in Poland in the context of innovative activities. The paper characterizes this sector, presenting its importance for the Polish economy, and analyzes innovative activities of enterprises producing metals and metal products. To this end, domestic and international statistics were gathered and presented, supplemented with questionnaire surveys of a group of 112 enterprises from this sector. The presented results are broken down into small, medium-sized, and big enterprises, indicating differences in premises guiding enterprises when making managerial decisions in the field of innovation. Also, barriers to be overcome by metal sector enterprises differing in employment size are presented. The paper proves, e.g., that for all groups of surveyed enterprises, the process innovations are the most important, while product innovations are less important for small enterprises because this group of companies mostly manufactures very simple basic metal products.

Abstract. Quality management tools undoubtedly influence the production processes in the company, by the creation of favorable conditions for its improvement. The proper selection and proper use of these tools is essential to improve the functioning of the company. Therefore, the main goal undertaken at work was to assess the situation related to the selection and effectiveness of methods used by a selected company operating in the metal industry. Moreover, it was necessary to determine to what extent these methods are applied and which of them have the greatest impact on the effectiveness of the process of improving the functioning of the enterprise.

W artykule przedstawiono zagadnienia związane z zarządzaniem kapitałem ludzkim w przedsiębiorstwach działających w sektorze turystycznym. Zaprezentowane zostały cechy charakterystyczne dla sektora turystycznego, a w szczególności najważniejszego z jego przemysłów – przemysłu hotelarskiego. Scharakteryzowano kapitał ludzki przedsiębiorstw turystycznych, jego specyfikę, a w szczególności zwrócono uwagę na jego istotny wpływ w podnoszeniu wartości całej organizacji. Przedstawiono trzy bazowe modele zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi, które odniesiono do zarządzania kapitałem ludzkim w przedsiębiorstwach turystycznych.

W artykule poruszono kwestie dotyczące rozwoju technologicznego i jego wpływu na funkcjonowanie podmiotów miejskich. Przedstawione zostały problemy z dziedziny IT z jakimi borykają się głównie przedsiębiorstwa, organy i instytucje działające w sektorze publicznym. Scharakteryzowano główne trendy procesu digitalizacji, które silnie oddziałują na lokalny sektor publiczny. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono zagadnieniu bezpieczeństwa danych gromadzonych i przetwarzanych przez podmioty miejskiej struktury organizacyjnej.