No abstract

SummaryMechanisms of tumor development were studied in SCID mice injected with human lymphoid cells from Epstein-Barr virus-positive (EBV +) donors. About 80% of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-injected animals developed a lymphoproliferative disease associated with oligoclonal EBV + tumors of human B cell origin. No change in tumor development rate occurred when monocyte-depleted PBMC were inoculated. No tumors developed when purified B cells were injected. B cell lymphoproliferative disease was also prevented in most cases when PBMC-injected animals were treated with agents that prevent T cell activation, such as cyclosporin A. Both CD4 § and CD8 + T cell subpopulations were able to provide putative factor(s) necessary for EBV + B cell expansion and progression to tumors. These data suggest that the transfer alone of potentially tumorigenic human cells into an immunodeficient environment, such as the SCID mouse, might not be sufficient for cell progression to tumor, and raise the possibility that chronic activation events could play a major role in the pathogenesis of some EBV + lymphomas in the immunocompromised host.

To our knowledge this is the largest alphabetization effort on ICF attempted in a public health system, and it indicates a possible effective approach to its controlled diffusion and future implementation.

Canalith jam is rarely described and is overall observed as a repositioning manoeuvre complication, not as a mimicker of a vestibular neuritis. Furthermore, our case represents the first observation of a recurrent canalith jam and apogeotropic variant of horizontal canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.

Aims:The aim of this review is to summarize data from the literature on the predictive value of anatomy-based parameters, as identifi ed by cephalometry, for the effi cacy of mandibular advancement devices (MAD) for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: Articles were initially selected based on their titles or abstracts. Full articles were then retrieved and further scrutinized according to predetermined criteria. Reference lists of selected articles were searched for any missed publications. The selected articles were methodologically evaluated. Results: Of an initial 311 references, 13 were selected that assessed correlations between polysomnographic and cephalometric variables. The majority of studies demonstrated a correlation between treatment effectiveness and features as determined by cephalometric analysis, such as the mandibular plane angle, hyoid bone distance to mandible, antero-posterior diameter of the maxilla, tongue area, cranial base, and soft palate. Conclusions:The mandibular plane angle and the distance between hyoid bone and mandibular plane was found to have a predictive value for MAD effectiveness in OSA patients. However, the relative weak and somewhat inconsistent cephalometric data suggest that decisions based solely on these factors cannot be recommended, especially because an integrated analysis of other risk factors (e.g., age, sex, BMI) should also be taken into account.