Abstract:The distribution of amphibians is affected by abiotic and biotic factors, availability of resources and the characteristics of reproductive sites. In particular, reproductive activity of aquatic-breeding anurans that inhabit tropical dry areas is affected by rainfall, which determines the availability and quality of reproductive sites. In this study, we analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution of anurans with indirect development in a tropical dry forest in Western Mexico, during two rainy seasons (July 10-October 4, 2013, and June 26-September 26, 2014). We collected data on the occupancy and reproductive activity of 15 species in four temporary streams, and evaluated their relationship with precipitation, humidity and temperature. We determined richness, abundance and diversity of species in each stream; we also identified differences in the reproductive strategies and microhabitats used by the species. The most abundant species were: Tlalocohyla smithii and Exerodonta smaragdina, whereas the least abundant were Leptodactylus melanonotus and Incilius mazatlanensis. Species richness, abundance and reproductive activity peaked alongside the stream with the greatest number of breeding sites (e.g. pools). We found temporal segregation in the occupancy and reproductive activity of species in all streams which were mainly associated with precipitation. However, occupancy and reproductive activity of some species overlapped up to four weeks during part of the breeding season. Most species used specific substrates for particular reproductive activities (e.g. oviposition), but used a range of microhabitats (leaf-litter, water, rocks, branches, leaves, logs, etc.) for others (e.g. calling). We discuss these behavioral differences as factors that facilitate coexistence of species in this environment in the rainy season. Rev. Biol. Trop. 65 (3): 1082-1094. Epub 2017 September 01.Key words: amphibians, reproductive strategies, environmental seasonality, reproductive activity, indirect development.Reproductive activity of anuran species is strongly influenced by abiotic factors such as precipitation and temperature (Moreira & Lima, 1991;Bertoluci, 1998;Ford & Scott, 2006;Saenz, Fitzgerald, Baum, & Conner 2006;Schalk & Saenz, 2016). It is further suggested that community structure is associated with reproductive phenology, as the sequence and variations of these events largely determine species composition at the local scale (Sáenz et al., 2006;Afonso & Eterovick, 2007). Anuran species that coexist present important differences in morphology, physiology, and behavior (Crump, 1974;Pough, Stewart, & Thomas, 1977;Cardoso, Andrade, & Haddad, 1989;Afonso & Eterovick, 2007). During the reproductive season, resource overlapping within the community becomes more intense (Bertoluci & Rodrigues, 2002), therefore species can exhibit temporal or spatial segregation or partial/complete overlap in the use of resources (Rossa-Feres & Jim, 2001). Temporal partitioning can be directly related to each region´s climate, partic...

G. (2017). Eficiencia de trampas "pitlight" con LED para el muestreo de Coleoptera nocturnos (Insecta) en selvas tropicales. Acta Zoológica Mexicana (n.s.) 33(2), 314-327. RESUMEN.Se evaluó el uso de trampas de caída con luz portables ("pitlight") con diodos emisores de luz (LED) para la captura de Coleoptera nocturnos en una selva tropical, con la finalidad de proveer herramientas eficientes para el monitoreo de insectos. Se comparó la diversidad de familias y morfoespecies recolectada con trampas de caí-da pasivas ("pitfall") y con trampas de caída con luz ("pitlight") de tres distintas longitudes de onda (azul, blanca y amarilla), bajo la hipótesis de que las trampas pitlight son más eficientes, y que los insectos serán más atraídos por las longitudes de onda más cortas y de alta frecuencia. Además, el muestreo se dividió en dos períodos nocturnos de cinco horas, con el objetivo de analizar el tiempo necesario para obtener una colecta significativa. Las recolectas con trampas pitlight fueron notablemente superiores a las pitfall pasivas, y aunque no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los valores de riqueza, abundancia y diversidad de coleópteros obtenidos con tres colores de LED (azul, blanco, amarillo), ni entre los horarios nocturnos de recolecta, sí se observó una alta disimilitud en la composición de morfoespecies entre los distintos tratamientos. Las trampas pitlight con LED son un méto-do sencillo, portátil y económico que es capaz de obtener una captura eficiente y representativa en periodos de tiempo muy cortos, por lo que se recomienda su uso para el inventario de comunidades de insectos. Palabras clave: Coleoptera, diodos emisores de luz, bosque tropical perennifolio. ABSTRACT. In this study, with the aim to provide more efficient tools for insect monitoring, we test the efficiency of pitlight traps with light-emitting diodes (LED) in captures of nocturnal Coleoptera from a tropical forest. Under the hypothesis that pitlights are more efficient and that insects would be mainly attracted by shorter and higher frequency wavelengths, families and morphospecies diversity obtained with passive pitfall and pitlight traps of three different colors (blue, white and yellow light) was compared. In addition, with the purpose to analyze the necessary time to obtain a significant sample of Coleoptera, sampling was carried out in two nocturnal periods of five hours. Captures with pitlight traps were noticeably superior to that with passive pitfalls and, even though there were no significant differences between richness, abundance and diversity values obtained for three color of LED (blue, white, yellow), not even among both nocturnal sampling periods, we found a high dissimilarity in morphospecies composition among them. Pitlight traps with LED are a simple, portable and inexpensive method able to obtain an efficient and significant capture in short time periods, so we recommend their use for the inventory of Coleoptera communities. Pérez