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The monitoring of air temperature and precipitation has been used as the input for the modelling of the rainfall-runoff process for three catchments with up to 100-year series. This monitoring has been used for the re-assessment of the long-term courses of evapotranspiration demand. The oscillations and random changes of vegetation cover are pursued as an indication of fluctuations in the resulting evapotranspiration. The intention is to appraise this complicated time series on the scale of decades. The modified computer implementation of the conceptual SAC-SMA model enables quicker simulation, and it facilitates other requisite and efficient procedures. It also allowed proper conditions for an automatic calibration of parameters in the used model, in which the genetic algorithm is used. That process (i.e., actual evapotranspiration) is to be simultaneously identified with the optimal parameters of the model. The resulting evapotranspiration is represented as the modelling outputs, when values could be hardly gained as measured or computed values (e.g., from only other meteorological observations). Citation: Chlumecky M, Buchtele J. Analysis of water regime modification induced by long-term development of vegetation cover. Int J Hydro. Citation: Chlumecky M, Buchtele J. Analysis of water regime modification induced by long-term development of vegetation cover. Int J Hydro. Citation: Chlumecky M, Buchtele J. Analysis of water regime modification induced by long-term development of vegetation cover. Int J Hydro. Citation: Chlumecky M, Buchtele J. Analysis of water regime modification induced by long-term development of vegetation cover. Int J Hydro.

Considerable long-term time series of precipitations and air temperature changes were used for modelling the rainfall-runoff process. The time series were also used for the accurate assessment of the evapotranspiration demand of the Czech Elbe River. Random fluctuations of vegetation cover are taken as an indication of deviations in the evapotranspiration. The intention is to appraise such complicated time series as a long-term process. The recently modified software of the conceptual SAC-SMA model firstly enables a prompt simulation and secondly creates the conditions for automatic calibration of this model. This tool provides a separate simulation for each partial time interval with diverse expected values of evapotranspiration. This may be ascertained during the consecutive identification of optimal model parameters. The resulting evapotranspiration values are represented as outputs of modelling; these output values would be difficult to obtain from meteo-observations, e.g. measured data or computed values.

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