Ethnobotanical survey was conducted in 101 randomly selected home gardens of Phong My commune, central Vietnam, situated in the bufferzone of Natural Reserve. Data were collected through semi-structured questionnaires and direct observation. Sixty-seven species belonging to 35 families were identified to be used for various purposes. For each species the botanical and vernacular names, plant parts used and main purposes of use are given. The major use categories reported for plant species were food (86%), medicine (32%) and firewood (32%), however, seventy-seven percent of all inventoried plants have multiple uses. The species Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam., Citrus grandis Osbeck, Citrus reticulata Blanco, Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. and Musa spp. were identified as the main sources of plant foods consumed within the households. Statistical analyses indicated by Shannon-Wiener and Margalef indices have shown that local species diversity and richness is affected by home garden size. On the contrary, no relationship between diversity and home garden age was found. On the basis of a cluster analysis of plant species diversity, five home garden types were differentiated. In comparison to previously reported studies on tropical home gardens, the diversity in Phong My is lower, probably due to market-oriented strategy. Nevertheless, based on the results achieved, we can conclude that useful plants cultivated in local home gardens provide valuable foods complementing daily diet and subsequently contributing to socioeconomic status of the households.
Most of the ethnobotanical research is dedicated to food and medicinal plants, while the other categories, such as plants used as materials, veterinary remedies or fodder remain neglected. This trend dominates in East Europe where linguistic approach prevails, while ethnographical one stays under-explored, though the heritage of the 19th century was impressive. Field data were collected through in-depth individual semi-structured interviews with the last remaining ethnic Czechs living in Romanian Banat and triangulated with extensive participant observation. The aims of this study were to document and preserve local knowledge pertaining to the use of traditional cultivated and wild plants. The study focused on under-documented use categories, hence, food and medicinal plants were excluded. In total, 56 plant species were cited by informants. The paper also highlights vernacular names, phytonyms, and particularly interesting uses of plant resources or related aspects not described previously or under-reported in the literature. The authors conclude that the ethnobotanical knowledge still survives as a part of the cultural heritage of the Czech diaspora. However, several interesting uses are only practiced by elderly people, the knowledge is ageing, and is likely to vanish fairly soon.
Nous avons analysé dans cette étude la col- lecte et l’utilisation des produits forestiers non ligneux en zone rurale au centre du Viet- nam. Il s’agit d’éléments importants pour mieux comprendre les interactions entre ménages et forêts dans les zones rurales proches de réserves naturelles, surtout dans les pays en développement à forte croissance économique. L’objectif de nos recherches était triple : (i) documenter les produits fores- tiers collectés dans la réserve naturelle et leurs utilisations, (ii) comprendre les facteurs pouvant motiver leur commercialisation, et(iii) connaître les attentes des familles locales quant aux capacités et à l’utilisation des res- sources forestières. Les données ont été col- lectées au moyen d’entretiens semi-structurés entre 2008 et 2010, auprès de familles ins- tallées dans ou aux alentours de la réserve naturelle de Phong Dien. Des entretiens ont été menés auprès de 48 familles représen- tatives des différentes conditions socio-éco- nomiques et naturelles dans la zone cible. Notre enquête montre que la plupart des produits forestiers collectés dans la réserve sont auto-consommés à des fins alimentaires, médicinales et de construction, et surtout selon une logique de subsistance. Cependant, certains végétaux faisant l’objet d’une forte demande, comme le rotin ou le licuala, sont récoltés en grandes quantités et commercia- lisés par le biais d’intermédiaires. Les familles ramassent également des produits forestiers pour satisfaire leurs besoins alimentaires en période de disette. Lesdeux stratégiespeuvent contribuer à l’appauvrissement de la forêt, déjà avéré dans les perceptions des familles locales reflétant une raréfaction de la plupart des produits forestiers. Ces derniers sont collectés essentiellement par les familles ayant peu de terres cultivables, aux revenus peu diversifiés et pratiquant une agriculture dominée par les cultures annuelles. Il convient ainsi, pour toute nouvelle action de déve- loppement dans cette zone, d’envisager la mise en place de systèmes agricoles per- mettant de diversifier les revenus, couplée à des actions de sensibilisation des familles à l’importance de la biodiversité. Sans éliminer totalement l’extraction de produits forestiers, une telle approche permettrait de la maintenir à un niveau viable.
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